国际山公园及其周边街景

国际山公园及其周边街景位于深圳市宝安区，是目前整个尖岗山北部片区唯一的社区公共开放空间项目，为社区新增了超过4000平米的公园，新建和提升了总计约7860m2的街道景观。项目发挥其绿色枢纽功能，串联片区教育、住宅、商业，营造高频的社区交流与活动氛围，提供运动休憩空间，打造新兴国际公园社区的生态辖地。

Jiangangshan Community located in the Baoan District of Shenzhen. Its public space, Parkhill Commons is the only public open space in the area and has added over 4,000 square meters of parks as well as built and upgraded about 7,860 square meters of streetscape. Acting as a green hub, the park and green streets connect education, housing, and local retail for a vibrant recreational and ecological neighborhood.

▼项目视频

项目座落在南向山坡上，南端的城市次干路尖岗山大道车流不息，但道路两侧宽阔的林荫带，与临近的水库和郁郁葱葱的山林一同创造出了宜人的小气候环境。在千禧年初期，这里优越的低山台地间就已建成了首批花园洋房，尖岗山北部也逐步发展为深圳西部最大的低密度住宅片区。然而其社区级公共配套却发展缓慢，较少公共活动场所和空间。

The project is located on a south-facing hillside in the northern part of the Jiangangshan neighborhood in the Baoan District of Shenzhen, China. Jiangangshan Avenue is a broad, tree-lined road, combined with the adjacent reservoir and lush forest creates a pleasant microclimate environment. Twenty years ago, the first batch of garden houses were built between here and it has gradually grown into the largest low-density residential area in western Shenzhen. However, its public facilities have not kept pace, with few public spaces and amenities.

▼建设前区域照片

随着上位规划将尖岗山片区重点纳入都市核心区，南部尖岗山国家高新园区的产业建设升级，新地铁站点的建设和规划，项目所在地周边新的学校、高密度居住区、商业区均在高速建设中，很快将迎来大批新居民来此安居乐业。长久以来由于户外社区公共空间不足带来的问题，在未来高密度混合用地建成后将更为突出。

A new masterplan for the area integrates Jiangangshan into the urban core. A number of projects are under construction nearby, including new subway stations, schools, high-density residences, and commercial areas. A large influx of new residents will follow these expansions, highlighting a dearth of public space.

▼项目区位

基于此，我们将国际山公园及其周边街景定义为绿色社区枢纽。它连接城市界面、新老住区、新商业区与学校，并突出社区的自然美景。在有限的空间里，采用优雅简洁的设计手法，提供现代化设施，营造活力、健康的当代都市公共自然场所。一系列的绿色空间平衡了人与生态的需求，在管理雨水、减缓热岛效应的同时，为各年龄段的活跃社区活动提供了舞台。

Parkhill Commons is acting as a green hub community hub, connecting the public realm, old and new residential areas, new business districts and schools, and highlighting the neighborhood's natural beauty. Using elegant design strategies, the park provides modern amenities to promote a vibrant, social, and health-focused park. The verdant space balances ecological and human needs; managing rainwater and mitigating urban heat island effect, while setting the stage for a lively neighborhood with activities for all ages.

▼绿色社区枢纽目标图表

街景提升与新社区公园的系统化设计：绿色宜人的多元低山社区的起点与核心

在未来多功能、高密度社区的背景下，我们在设计之初即将街道、公园、新建小区和学校的开放空间作为一个系统来研究，期望在新一轮开发之后，人们在社区各处都有可能继续享受优质的小气候环境，随时随地共享都市自然的轻松和惬意。居民们通过公共空间生活，建立社区归属感。也借此整体开发的契机，在土地属性不尽相同的情况下，公园、街道、小区三个层级的开放空间被作为一个系统进行整体设计，共同打造宜居社区。

SYSTEMATIC DESIGN OF COMMUNITY OPEN SPACE: STARTING AT THE CORE OF A FOOTHILL COMMUNITY

Designers studied the context to plan a forward-thinking community that will be comfortable while accommodating a high density of residents. The next round of development will bring new neighbors to the park, breathing it to life. The space will be an anchor, inviting residents to build community in the comfort and calm of urban nature. The three elements of neighborhood open spaces — park, streets and homes — are designed to work as a complimentary system, building the framework for an inviting community.

▼低山公园社区开放空间框架

本项目是该策略的重点，以三面通达的国际山公园为社区核心，向外辐射，将休憩与慢行公共空间接入临近各地块入口和城市街道，形成真正的绿色社区枢纽，将新老居民、不同风格和功能的用地、生态功能等都紧密串联在一起。

Parkhill Commons is central to the first phase and implementation of the larger vision. Radiating outwards, it connects recreation with green streets. Acting as a community hub, it will connect new and existing residents, retail and housing, everything from urban plazas to lush gardens.

▼平面图

多元高密社区的新公园：以人为本，去繁从简，紧凑灵活

在标新立异的多元高密都市潮流中，我们希望有这样一块能放下浓妆艳抹，轻松自得、随性隽永的乐土。卓然天成的她包容开放，不同的使用者成为这里永不落幕的主角，适宜尺度的各种活动场景可最大化的在各个时间段和不同空间位置满足使用者的多元化需求。

A NEW PARK FOR A HIGH-DENSITY COMMUNITY: PEOPLE-ORIENTED, COMPACT AND FLEXIBLE

With the rise of high-density urbanism, we are creating a unique and timeless refuge where residents can let their hair down. Everyone can feel like the main character in this unique and welcoming environment. With a variety of amenities and environments, people can relax with friends and family for gatherings large and small.

▼活动情景

在荫凉树荫、平坦草地、亲切花园组成的都市绿色与点缀其间的硬质活动空间之中，人们能尽情的释放天性，享受与朋友家人在一起的简单快乐。

Visitors can relax under dappled shade or on the sunny lawn. People can relax in this space where urban recreation meets cozy gardens.

▼丰富活动

场地整体地势北高南低，最大高差约5米，三面临街，边界异形，与周围的建筑立面也都存在不同角度。这些独特的特征为设计语汇奠定了基础：用规整的平面、台地来共同创造了一个以人为本的空间。有效的空间利用使功能能从一个区域流向另一个区域，并形成了一个强烈的中央形态。每个区域周围都有茂密的植物，退隐于周边道路与建筑之外。

The site has a significant grade change and an unusual shape. However, these unique features set the stage for a distinctive design language - with gradual slopes, steps and retaining walls coming together to create people-oriented spaces. Efficiently using space for a variety of functions and flowing from one area to another, the result is a strong central gesture with lush planting surrounding each area.

▼公园鸟瞰

▼各具功能的规整台地空间

▼中央空间

不同大小和功能的空间彼此之间能相互对望和穿行，形成有趣的社交场景和游憩路线。干净利落的挡土墙、长椅、楼梯、植物组团进一步强化了空间的水平线条感，与周围复杂多样的道路、建筑体验形成对比，加强了公园平和舒展的氛围。

Various spaces and activities intersect for a variety of social scenes and recreational routes. Clean retaining walls, sleek benches, and plant-edged steps emphasize the spatial framework and lend a peaceful ease to the space.

▼旋风球场、酷玩坡地与中央草地的空间关系

▼水平舒展的生态绿阶、景墙、长凳

▼北部清雅的中央楼梯和台地，与两侧的活动空间互望

在公园中心，一方长长的大草坪被优雅的小径和阴凉的花岗岩长凳所包围，尺度宜人。 一个渐变的斜坡邀请访客们在草坪上享受梯田式的剧场座位。草坪充满了可能性，支持多种运动和活动的发生，如运动、小型音乐会、市集等。大草坪西北角有一棵优美的乌桕，点景的同时带来一片荫凉。树下色彩靓丽的躺椅和旁边的野餐桌椅是受欢迎的休憩与聊天的场所。大草坪四面设置了总长90.6米、宽90厘米的座墙，加上东侧利用高差设置了四层林荫草阶看台，按每人占有60厘米长度座凳测算，总共可容纳约300人同时在长凳上面向中央草地乘坐。有层次的乘坐和种植勾勒出了富有雕塑感和季节变化的空间框架，赋予了草地强烈和灵活的舞台感，实践着以使用者为主角的设想。

In the center, a long lawn is enveloped by elegant paths and shaded granite benches. A gradual slope invites community center visitors to enjoy terraced seating across the turf. Full of possibilities, the lawn can accommodate sports, small concerts, and markets. Resting amongst layers of plants and diverse program on the North side and lush amphitheater seating to the East, the lawn acts as a stage and anchor to Parkhill Commons.

▼无限可能的中央草地

▼阶地座椅

▼乌桕和受欢迎的桌椅

大草坪的西侧是未来的新社区中心。有幸于早期与建筑和室内的设计师合作，社区中心流畅的与公园相遇。优雅的幕墙、露台与大台阶围束出了精致低调的边界，极简的铺砖和景墙将室内空间延续到室外，南侧与人行道齐平形成宽阔的入口广场，东侧则消失于草地西侧的长方形水景中。好奇的孩童前来戏水，休憩的成人来此舒缓心情。临水广场和二层露台上的咖啡座椅让访客们可倾听涌泉的白噪音，也可观赏静水时反射的天光树荫之美。

Working with architects and interior designers, the community center fluidly meets the park. Anchoring the southwest corner entry, the building and landscape meet with seamless paving from lobby to plaza. Cafe seating allows visitors to look across the park with their views framed by an elegant fountain and a graceful focal point tree.

▼宜动宜静的水景

沿大草地往北是相对独立的两个专门活动空间：酷玩坡地和旋风球场。面向大草地的酷玩坡地游戏场让家长们在草地上也能看到孩子，同时也为孩子们提供各种令人兴奋的游乐设备。 斜坡成为游戏的重要元素，有多种爬上和滑下的方式。 顶层有一个奇异的树屋，游乐结构与树冠交织在一起。 这个树屋平台上可以看见整个公园的壮观景色，同时也是蜿蜒而令人振奋的大滑梯的入口。有弹性的地面和其上的设计元素创造了一个令人兴奋的循环线路，让孩子们尽情玩耍和探索。逐层升高的绿植台地是游戏场的边界，树荫下的乘坐空间方便家长从多个方向舒适的监护。黄橙色系在稳重灰色的衬托下鲜明欢快，激发孩子们的好奇心，又不造作。从游戏场往东，旋风球场被挡土墙、绿篱环绕着。场内有休息长凳，而北侧东侧的上层形成看台式的走廊和停坐空间，可以俯瞰球场。墙壁上的抽象图案来源于社区山地特征与和旋风般的篮球速度，与亮眼的色彩、篮球运球动作单词一起赋予了空间活力。这个宜人尺度的场地也适合太极、广场舞等其他需要平整硬质场地的活动。地面图案综合了其他活动的格网到艺术化的设计中，也是期待空间能被更多样的使用。

Along the north edge of the lawn, visitors find a sloped playground and basketball court. The playground slope gives parents excellent eyelines from the lawn and provides children with a diverse array of exciting play equipment. The slope becomes a vital element of play, with many ways to climb up and slide down. The top level has a singular treehouse, where the play structure is entwined with the tree canopy. This platform showcases spectacular views across the site and is the entrance to a winding and exhilarating slide. The bouncy surface and design elements create an exciting loop for children to play and explore. Moving east, the basketball court is surrounded by retaining walls and hedges, with both court-side seating and a landing overlooking the court from above. The colorful murals and the court's bright ground plane lend the space vitality.

▼丰富多彩的酷玩坡地

▼多种攀爬设施给孩子们不同的体验

▼奇异树屋与大滑梯

▼尽情玩耍的孩童

▼游戏场被绿植界定边界，面向中央大草地

▼独一无二的旋风篮球场

▼上层走廊看台

▼看与被看

▼叔叔阿姨们的太极晨练场

在游戏场和球场中间，台地花园将访客们从低处的大草坪引向北侧街道，在那里他们会发现掩映在绿荫下的安静花园。现状高大的乔木、花丛、起伏的草地、座椅口袋空间把公园与街道柔软的缝合在一起，芬芳与活力从公园沿着慢行道向社区散发。

Between the court and playground, steps lead users from the activity of the lawn and program areas towards the street where they'll find a quiet garden. Linking the street to the park, trees and lush plant beds line the leisurely neighborhood road.

▼台地花园

▼绿波雨水花园

生活化的街道提升：安全，绿色，社区感

街道空间延续公园亲切、生活化的场景和氛围，以安全、绿色和社区感为营建目标，于社区开放空间的整体框架下设计实施。街道断面维持现状规划不变，狭窄的道路使交通缓慢，绿树成荫的宽阔人行道鼓励步行。通过铺装材质和色彩按速度划分慢行、跑步、步行功能，减少不同速度通行者间的相互干扰，保障安全，增加舒适度。替换了生长不佳的植物，新增了造型典雅、光线柔和的高、矮柱灯，增强了街道的秩序感与季节感。公园南侧新建的卧龙六路通过红线退让增加宽度和平树池的做法，为未来高峰人流留出尽可能多的通行空间。特别定制的街道家具稳重精致，供各种方式出行的居民使用，也增加了社区的特色。

VIBRANT STREETS FOR SAFETY, GREENERY, AND COMMUNITY

The streetscapes extend the park's calm atmosphere, with narrow roads to slow traffic and wide tree-lined sidewalks to encourage walking. Bike and running paths give space for faster movement while being separated from auto traffic. Custom street furniture gives the street a distinct public realm for residents to enjoy with any mode of transport.

▼林荫街景

▼亲切的慢行道

沿着南北贯穿的卧龙四路打造了三个昭示性的街角，精心设计的格栅系列标识墙和导向柱让初次来访的人也很容易找到社区和公园。在南侧城市主入口重点打造的尖岗山大道街角，结合地形建造了双层坐墙，使这里成为了一个能荫凉乘坐的前庭。在公园路口以对比色的名称标识墙强调公园主入口。在北侧的制高点公园街角，随风转动的运动风向标雕塑，是公园各种运动的剪影，成为了社区的运动精神象征，增加了一份仪式感。

Street corners provide shade, seating and sculptural signage for easy navigation and a comfortable experience. The northeast corner has an elaborate weathervane, with silhouettes of the various sports and activities that visitors can enjoy at the park.

▼南侧主入口街角

▼公园主入口街角

▼公园北侧街角

生态整合：局部保留大树、整体重构的海绵生态系统

新的高密度社区开发与道路建设将增加大量不透水下垫面，阻碍雨水下渗，进而导致地表径流增大、径流峰值增高和提前。土壤原有的水气交换受阻，也会使土壤不健康，渗透和呼吸能力、理化性能下降，板结贫瘠，影响植物生长和片区的生态环境。

ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK: KEEP MATURE TREES AND ABSORB STORMWATER

New community development inevitably leads to an increase in impermeable surfaces and increased surface runoff. The soil respiration changes as it is compacted for roads and can affect the growth of plants and overall ecological health of the area.

▼社区建设带来的生态挑战

对公园生态效益最大化的思考来自设计伊始，公园最北侧台地的设计与现状标高一致，整体保留下一片高大葱郁的现状成熟乔木，成为公园最绿色最生态的背景屏障，继续发挥其减噪、降温、去尘、雨水截留等生态功能。新建花园绿地选用了包括部分乡土植物品种在内的丰富种类，常绿、落叶树与富有四季变化的多年生地被植物搭配，复层种植，进一步提高绿量和生物多样性。

This design prioritizes ecology from the outset. The northern edge stays at street level grade to preserve the many mature trees that existed there. This mature canopy creates a lush backdrop for the layers of diverse planting on the slope between lawn and northern road.

▼多样的种植

深圳年均降雨量1933.3mm，4-9月雨季高温多云，平均每年还会受热带气旋（台风）影响4至5次。公园与街道作为社区绿色枢纽将对雨洪调蓄起着至关重要的作用。公园整体盆地式的设计使其本身成为一块可以临时蓄水的大海绵，帮助缓解雨洪灾害。所在地地质类型以花岗岩为主，公园与街道地下均无建筑结构，土壤类型为壤土，适合植物生长且下渗效果良好。

The average annual rainfall in Shenzhen is 1933.3mm, and on average, it will be affected by typhoons four times a year. Due to the high volume of rain in the wet season, the park and streets will play a vital role in stormwater management. The overall basin shape of the park allows it to capture and store water, acting as a sponge for the neighborhood to prevent flooding. The geology is dominated by granite and the soil on site is loam, ideal for high infiltration.

▼新增植栽特征

▼海绵系统

海绵单位依据内涝防治标准50年一遇的雨量计算，国际山公园所在地块年径流总量控制率超过98%，实际调蓄容积近300m3，径流污染去除率超过90%。场地雨污分流，使用一系列透水铺装、下凹绿地、雨水花园设施从源头控制。微妙的小地形变化将不透水面产生的径流就近导入海绵设施中，使雨水能优先就地分区消化。通过溢流管网、砾石盲管有序组织场地内多余雨水汇集至场地西南角的中央蓄水模块，形成了整体的雨水管理网络。慢行道采用透水砖或透水混凝土，以减少径流，其溢流则进入公园雨水花园进一步净化和滞蓄。深圳人均水资源拥有量仅为全国的三分之一，雨水回用系统减少了公园养护对于水资源的消耗量。

Based on 50-year storm rainwater calculations, the park can absorb 98% of rainfall utilizing permeable paving, pervious surfaces, rain gardens, and a 300m3 cistern.  Most water is infiltrated immediately to avoid sheet runoff, and overflow pipes channel water to the cistern to be reused onsite at a later date. Permeable pavers and concrete ensure water percolates through soil to remove pollution and replenish local aquifers in the parched region.

▼新增植栽特征

景观设计从视觉和使用角度将各个海绵设施和生态措施结合到整体效果中。具有海绵功能的滞留花园、阶梯绿地、模块草地、台地花园构成系统分布于公园各处，逐级分层消纳不透水铺装面产生的雨水径流，在发挥生态效益的同时也具有生活使用的价值。蓄水模块深埋于地下不占用地面空间。海绵草地平坦开阔，活动丰富多彩；生态草阶郁郁葱葱，可坐可玩；绿波雨水花园、台地花营造出了青翠欲滴、鸟语花香的小气候环境，成为了打卡都市山林、散心休憩的好去处。专门设置的海绵设施标识牌把雨水设施可视化，在地普及海绵知识。高太阳反射系数的浅色铺装，以及大面积的林荫，有助于减缓热岛效应。自行车停放设施、慢行道、跑步道鼓励人们生态友好出行。

Utilizing a variety of methods, the landscape unifies ecological functions seamlessly with elegant design choices. A system of rain gardens tiered green spaces, grasslands, and terrace gardens with sponge functions are distributed throughout the park. The rainwater runoff generated by impervious paving surfaces is absorbed at every opportunity. Not only serving ecological functions, elements like the lawn and rain gardens create different experiences for users. Signage explains the sponge infrastructure on site, light-color paving and tree shade reduce urban heat island effect, and bicycle paths and jogging paths encourage active transportation.

▼海绵设施与活跃的使用场景

施工早期，对重难点设施进行了打样优化。整个施工过程中，各相关单位在现场通力合作，确保了设施的实施落地与最后的景观效果。

In the early stage of construction, the mockups helped optimize the qualities of the key facilities. Throughout the construction process, all relevant consultants and the contractor communicated and worked together on site, which ensured the final achievement.

▼海绵设施的打样与施工：生态绿阶打样，海绵绿地盲管铺设，蓄水设施挖坑

项目地点：广东省·深圳市·宝安区

设计单位：PLAT Studio

PLAT 设计团队：廖德轩、王诗婷、蓝仕霖、高梅、秦晓晴、霍思汀、隋虎、彭静、华英华、Iris Soh、王瀚宇、Sophanut Jamonak、李翔宇、孙一诺、Katrina Ortiz、钟炜娟

深圳万科团队：齐琳、吴智彤、邵权、纪惠敏，张谢鑫、郭晏辰、李森

景观施工图设计：深圳本末度景观设计有限公司

景观施工：广州普邦园林股份有限公司

建筑设计：深圳市华汇设计有限公司

建筑施工图：筑博设计股份有限公司

室内设计：峻佳设计有限公司

室内施工图：峻佳设计有限公司

景观设计面积：约11860平米

设计建设周期：2020年11月- 2021年6月

景观摄影：ACF域图视觉，河狸景观摄影，深圳万科

Project Location: Baoan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province

Landscape Design: PLAT Studio

PLAT Design Team: Fred Liao, Kit Shih-Ting Wang, Shih-Lin Lan, Maggie Kao, Xiaoqing Qin, Siting Huo, Tiger Sui, David Jing Peng, Yinhua Hua, Iris Soh, Daniel Wang, Sophanut Jamonak, Xiangyu Li, Yinuo Sun, Katrina Ortiz, Joan Zhong

Vanke Shenzhen Landscape Team: Lin Qi , Zhitong Wu, Quan Shao, Huimin Ji, Xiexin Zhang, Yanchen Guo, Sen Li

Construction Drawings: OEA

Landscape Construction: Pubang Landscape Architecture Co., Ltd.

Playground and Sports Equipment: Liben Group

Signage: Golden Talent Advertising Co., Ltd

Lighting: Matt Lighting Design Associates

Rainwater Systems: Shenzhen Green Environment Technology Co., Ltd

Architectural Design: Shenzhen Huahui Design Co., Ltd.

Construction Documentation: Zhubo Design Co., Ltd.

Interior Design: Karv One

Landscape design area: About 11860m2 

Design and Construction: November 2020-June 2021

Photography: ACF, Holi, Vanke Shenzhen