上海中学东校景观设计

公司：	VIA维亚景观	类型：	景观
地区：	中国	标签：	学校

1.城-岛-溪：校园景观的空间分型

3 Types of the Landscape space

上海中学东校（以下简称“上中东校”）是上海中学位于浦东新区临港新片区的新校区，其建筑规划布局是高效集约的，其中北侧临橄榄路集中布局的教学、文化、住宿片区形成较高密度的院落式组团布局，在空间上形成“城”的感受；以半岛姿态面向河道的三角形场地则是以足球场、篮球场、网球场、半地下覆土体育馆等体育运动空间为主要功能。于是，在VIA团队与建筑设计团队协同工作研究后，决定在南北两大功能片区之间植入东西向贯通的、具有景观与生态功能的“溪”，一方面以物理手段强化了北侧的“城”与南侧的“岛”的基础空间特征，另一方面也以具有雨水收集净化功能、动态生态景观呈现作用、偏向自然湿地景象的“溪”作为“城”与“岛”在行为与景观上的粘合。

The landscape design of East Shanghai High School Senior Division （hereinafter ESHS）is for a new campus of Shanghai High School located in Lin'gang, Pudong district. Its architectural design implements highly efficient master planning. The north functional zone (classrooms, library, offices, theatre, dormitory etc.) facing Ganlan Road to the north is presented by a high-density building complex with a courtyard typology and looks like a 'city'. In contrast, the south side features a sense of 'island' with its triangular peninsular shape stretching into the Lin'gang river system, encompassing major sports courts such as soccer, basketball, tennis courts, and an earth-sheltered gymnasium. After an initial workshop with the architectural design team, VIASCAPE design team decided to design a continuous E-W 'creek', which will physically stress shape of south functional zone as an 'island', between two parts of the campus. And the creek, given its basic feature functions such as rainwater acquisition and purification, dynamic ecological effects production, and its natural wetland appearance, will functionally and aesthetically resonate with the 'city' and 'island' in terms of user behavior and place-making.

▽区位图

在具体的景观设计上，北侧片区则基于院落式的“城”以系列的“庭”进行设计，在突出教学生活片区以静为主的空间气氛同时，以多元庭院景观空间鼓励人际交往；南侧片区景观则基于运动与自然主题以更轻松地方式，通过“岛”上与不同景观空间与运动场地耦合的“径”为线索展开设计，以“岛”上的立体游观突出归向自然的野趣。

In regards to detailed landscape design, we generate a concept of serial 'courtyard' according to the spatial feature in the north zone. The courtyards design provides a tranquil atmosphere in the academic building and dormitory area. Multiple courtyard spaces are created to accommodate the social life between the buildings. On the contrary, the south zone envisions a more relaxing way based on its theme of nature and sports to fashion a sense of wildness. This sense of space is created through the 'path' system connecting various landscape spaces and sports courts on the island, the 'path' system is a design thread woven into the general blueprint as well.

2. 庭与城：抽象拼贴的学习生活场景

Collage campus daily life with 7 courtyards

上中东校相对集中的建筑组团既是学生们学习生活的“城”，也因其院落式的布局在空间上形成了书院的空间意象，于是教学与住宿区的景观也因此形成了多个相对独立又连续的“城中之庭”。于是我们在景观设计上，依据相邻建筑的不同功能与形体立面特征，设计了7个具有明显个性特征差异的庭院景观，分别是：校园主入口的“逐浪庭院”、主教学楼内的“书山庭院”和“阅读庭院”、男生宿舍区的“岩石庭院”、女生宿舍区的“水痕庭院”、艺术中心前的“几何庭院”、进入食堂区域的“彩阶庭院”。并结合周边简洁的场地设计与绿荫乔木设计形成了上中东校集中教学生活区的整体景观。

The building cluster in ESHS is not only the functional 'city' for students but also deduce some 'courtyard' space in the 'city' due to the spatial pattern. Therefore, the landscape at the north function zone becomes multiple 'courtyards' in the 'city' that are independent and interconnected. We designed 7 distinctive themes for the courtyard gardens enclosed within the buildings regarding their functions and façade genre.

They are:

Wave-riding Courtyard at the main entrance;

Wisdom Mountain Courtyard and Reading Courtyard in the main building;

Rock Courtyard at Boys' Dorm complex and Ripple Courtyard at Girls' Dorm complex;

Geometric Courtyard in front of the art center and Rainbow Steps Courtyard at the entrance of dinning hall.

The featured courtyards, with the adjacent spaces of simple design and green tree canopies, establish the general design style of ESHS's north zone.

这是一种反传统的、具有休憩体验功能的“布景”设计方式，同时由于紧凑的建筑布局令多个庭院在一个行为动线上形成感受上的连续“拼贴”。这让校园景观不再单调，而是以多元多义体验场景的抽象拼贴重构校园生活的“生活化”，为学生在精神上短暂脱离严肃认真的教学过程提供了重要的景观出口，并在一定程度上通过景观空间激发学生间、师生间的交往，也为上中东校的教学活动提供了有趣的室外场景。

We design the north zone landscape with an anti-tradition method similar to stage scenery design. Our design collage multiple courtyards into the students' continuous behavior experience to not only help the students possess momentary liberation from the mental constraints of serious teaching and learning processes but also somehow activate social activities between students, and provides some interesting outdoor teaching scenes in ESHS.

3. 岛与径：归向自然的立体游观与空间探索

Multiple natural experiences along the paths on the island

两面临河（市政河道）、一面临溪的边界条件，加之建筑上半地下覆土体育馆设计所形成隆起的绿色地面，让校园南部运动区在空间上“岛”的意象十分清晰。与“城”中系列“庭”的刻意策划、精巧设计不同，我们在“岛”上的景观设计则完全走向了一种面向山水自然的松弛，仅以“径”为线索引导立体游观与空间自然探索。

Bordering two canals and one creek, the image of the south zone of the campus is like an island. In contrast to the delicate design for the courtyard gardens, a more relaxing natural scenery style was adopted for the design of the 'island', in which footpaths are utilized to guide visiting and spatial exploration into nature.

在岛中部，以“山径”联系覆土建筑屋顶的篮球场、网球场及相邻休憩空间，蜿蜒的几何曲线路径设计既是满足舒适漫步要求的设计手段，也为立体游观提供了更多的行为与空间上的可能。在东部，则以“林径”穿行于水杉林间引发林下自然体验，并结合林径曲折设置地景式雨水花园。北侧的“溪径”不仅是整个校园景观南北两大片区共享的视觉焦点，同时也是实现雨水收集、净化、可持续生态景观展示的轴线。而岛西部围绕足球场、以400米跑道为形的“田径”结合体育馆建筑入口与景观看台设计延展出的整体景观，则是岛上活动与休憩的中心区域。结合“径”系统，岛上的绿化设计也是以轻松的方式呈现，放弃复杂且养护成本高的绿化搭配手段，以“阳光草坪+常绿灌木+大树+观赏草”为设计基调，以形成简洁疏朗自然的景观风貌为目标，并进而引导关注自然野趣的体验行为。

Mountain Path connects the basketball court, tennis court, and other adjacent spaces in the middle of the island. The winding geometric curve path is not only a method that meets the requirements of comfortable walking, but also provides more behavioral and spatial possibilities for three-dimensional viewing and exploration. At the east of the island, Forest Path meanders in the metasequoia forest, providing natural exploration opportunities. On top of this, a series of rain gardens are arranged at the turning point of the path. Creek Path at the north is a visual magnet shared with both north and south zones. It is also a route for viewing the process of rainwater acquisition and purification. On top of the 'path' layers, the planting layer is presented in a rather relaxing way. The design approach that applies multiple layers of plants is abandoned considering the potential maintenance cost. Instead, we use a combination of lawn area, evergreen shrubs, big trees, and ornamental grass as basic structures, targeting at building a simple natural landscape that attracts more natural explorations.

4. 走向激发人格成长的校园景观

Campus Landscape Can Inspire Students' Personality Growth

上海中学一直以来都是上海最著名的中学之一、也是上海目前生源与教学质量最高的中学，因此上中东校的建设也备受各界关注。基于对上海中学校史与目前教学发展动态的调研，VIA设计团队与建筑设计团队、校方关于上中东校的景观营造达成一个共识，即：上中东校的景观不应当仅仅满足一般意义的景观之美与空间功能，而是要具有一定的突破与实验性，要有助于满足学生更多元的成长发展需求。

Shanghai High School has always been the most well-known high school in Shanghai. It is also known for its academic excellence and notable Alumni. And the design and construction of ESHS has drawn much attention from various sectors of society. Based on our study of the history and tradition of Shanghai High School, we reached a consensus with the architectural design team and school authorities, that is: the campus landscape design should not only be of aesthetic and functional value but also be experimental and pioneering to meet students' diversified growth and development needs.

于是，我们以“逐浪庭院”与“龙门楼”的对景寄寓鱼跃龙门的期待、响应上海中学历史；以“城”中7个“庭”的连续场景体验拼贴出学习、生活中多样的整体性，鼓励学子对外部世界日常的多义想象；以“城”与“岛”之间具有动态生态景观的“溪”，唤醒繁忙学业之外关注身边自然变化的可能；以“岛”上具有高下曲直变化特征的“径”系统，引导对各种自然空间的发现与探索，鼓励对自然、健康、生态的追求。上海中学东校景观设计是一次以校园环境为媒介的、关于鼓励与激发学生走向更完整的人格成长的设计探索与实验。

In this context, we create a landscape connection between the design of Wave-riding Courtyard and Dragon Gate Building to express the expectation of fish leaping over the dragon gate, and also respond to the history of Shanghai High School. The continuous spatial experience of the 7 courtyards in the 'city' maps the integrity out of the diversity of students' study and daily life, encouraging an imagination of the world outside of the campus. The dynamic 'creek' of ecological significance in between the 'city' and 'island' will evoke the attention of the ever-evolving nature from the students buried in books. The 'path' system that varies in size and shape will guide the discovery and exploration of natural space, encouraging the pursuit of nature, health, and a green environment. The landscape design of ESHS is a design experiment to encourage and motivate the students to grow a more complete personality based on the campus environment.