葡萄牙 Gateira 住宅

公司：	Camarim Arquitectos	类型：	建筑
地区：	葡萄牙	标签：	别墅私宅

项目Casa na Gateira坐落在一个美丽的小山上，种植着葡萄园、松树和橄榄树，可以看到葡萄牙大陆最高点Serra da Estrela南端的壮丽景色。

Gateira is a hamlet placed on a beautiful hill planted with vineyards, pines and olive trees with splendid views over the southern tip of Serra da Estrela, the highest point in mainland Portugal.

客户是一对英国夫妇，他们想要第二个家，与他们在伦敦的生活形成对比。这里有宽敞的空间，开放的空气，安静的环境。首先，如何在如此引人注目的景观上进行设计，以达到自然、农业和传统建筑之间的特殊平衡？其策略是尽量减少干扰：人们从场地的上半部进入房屋，通过一道墙，唤醒该地区的传统石板建筑，然后进入房屋核心，即分为两层的社交空间。建筑体块从这一空间中沿地形断裂和延伸，在社交空间和私密空间之间巧妙而有效地分开，即每一空间位于不同的楼层，并且可以直接通向外部。人们可以说，与其说是住宅景观，不如说是人们对住宅景观的思考，就好像在乡村修建了一条步行街。

The clients - a British couple - wanted a second home to give them space, open air and silence, in contrast to their life in London. The first question: how to design on such a dramatic landscape, with an unusual balance between nature, agriculture and traditional architecture? Our strategy was to interfere as little as possible: one enters the house in the upper part of the plot, through a wall that evokes the region’s traditional slate buildings, and descends onto the house’s core – a social space split in 2 levels. From this space, the house’s volume breaks and extends along the topography in a subtle yet effective separation between social and intimate spaces i.e. every space sits on a different level and has direct access to the outside. We may say that instead of a house in the landscape we thought of a house from the landscape, as though building a walk in the countryside.

除了在地面盘旋体量的浪漫概念之外，与地面的广泛接触也给房屋带来了巨大的能源效益：利用穷无尽的热量来平衡一天和四季的空气热振幅。客厅和主卧之间的天井也是一种被动式热能设备：它在游泳池和天井之间形成了一个热差，在春夏时节产生了横跨房屋的上升气流，以达到降温的目的，而在秋冬时节，它可以对房屋最里面的一点进行强化保温。

Beyond the romantic notion of a well-grounded house, extensive contact with the ground gives enormous energy benefits: we use the earth’s endless thermal mass to balance air thermal amplitudes throughout the day and seasons. The patio between the living room and the master bedroom is also a passive thermal device: it creates a thermal differential between the swimming pool and the patio, which generates an ascending air flow across the house for cooling in spring and summer, and it allows intensive insulation of the most innermost point in the house in autumn and winter.