扎哈·哈迪德事务所新作：尼科西亚Eleftheira广场

扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所 (ZHA) 将 Eleftheria 广场设计为城市的主要聚集空间，创造了新的联系，旨在团结分裂的首都。尼科西亚坚固的威尼斯防御工事将旧城区与其现代地区隔开，而城市的“绿线”又将首都划分为两个不同的区域。

Establishing Eleftheria Square as the city’s primary gathering space, Zaha Hadid Architects’ (ZHA) design creates new connections intended to unite a divided capital. Nicosia’s massive Venetian fortifications separate the old city from its modern districts, while the city’s ‘Green Line’ divides the capital into two disparate communities.

Eleftheria 广场位于尼科西亚市中心附近，毗邻威尼斯城墙和环绕城市的干涸护城河。这些坚固的防御城墙建于中世纪，并在 16 世纪由威尼斯人大规模重建，它界定了首都最古老部分的边界，将古城与城墙外的新区隔开。

Located near the centre of Nicosia, Eleftheria Square is adjacent to the Venetian Walls and the dry moat that encircles the city. Constructed in the Middle Ages and extensively rebuilt by the Venetians in the 16th century, these substantial defensive walls define the boundary of the oldest part of the capital, dividing the ancient city from the new districts outside the walls.

扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所将 Eleftheira 广场设想为一个更大的城市规划的初始阶段，该规划被寄希望于成为首都统一的催化剂。设计确保了威尼斯城墙的一览无余，并将这些防御城墙确立为尼科西亚的一部分，同时也为公众开放了干涸的护城河，以创造一个环绕城市的轨道公园。

ZHA envisioned Eleftheira Square as the initial phase of a much larger urban plan that could be a catalyst for the reunification of the capital. The design ensures unobstructed views of the Venetian Walls, establishing these fortifications as an integral part of Nicosia’s identity, while also opening the dry moat for public use to create an orbital park that surrounds the city.

▽总规划图

▽功能划分

▽绿化和人流分析图

扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所用新的市政广场、花园和棕榈树长廊改造以前无法进入的护城河区域，使其成为城市周围的“绿化带”。设计提议将护城河内的这些新公共空间延伸至古城墙并环绕尼科西亚，重新连接这个分裂的首都。

Transforming previously inaccessible areas of the moat with new civic plazas, gardens and palm[1]lined promenades, the moat can become a ‘green belt’ around the city. ZHA’s design proposes these new public spaces within the moat are extended to follow the ancient city walls and encircle Nicosia, reconnecting communities of this divided capital.

▽绿化空间

Eleftheria 广场的设计抬高了护城河的地形，创造了一座与周围街景相接的上层桥梁，与城市的城市肌理建立了直接的联系，并在首都的中心了确立了一个新的公共广场。护城河被改造成城市公园，通过对古代防御城墙的不规则形状进行三角剖析以建立“强度”点，为护城河打造了新的流体几何形状，并确定了新公园内座椅、花坛和水景的位置。

The Eleftheria Square design elevates the topography of the moat to create an upper level bridge that meets the surrounding streetscape, establishing direct connections with the city’s urban fabric and defining a new public square in the heart of the capital. Transformed into an urban park, the moat’s fluid geometries have been created through the process of triangulating the irregular forms of the ancient fortifications to establish points of ‘intensity’ that define seating, flowerbeds or water features within the new park.

▽上层桥梁与街景直接相连

护城河的花岗岩铺装昭示了场地永恒的坚固性，而花岗岩板之间的开放缝隙形成被动的雨水排水系统，使护城河内种植的新树木能够自然地平衡地下水位并减少对中世纪城墙地基的侵蚀。

The moat’s granite paving conveys a timeless solidity, while open joints between the granite slabs create a passive rainwater drainage system that allows the new trees planted within the moat to naturally balance groundwater levels and reduce erosion of the medieval walls’ foundations.

作为尼科西亚最大的市民广场，Eleftheira 广场可用于举办节日和公共活动；它的上层桥梁和支撑柱是用混凝土制成的，雕塑式的外观确保了其在地震区的结构完整性，每根柱子的底部都经过精心设计，充当可供人们小憩的座位。

As the largest civic plaza in Nicosia, Eleftheira Square has been designed to host festivals and public events; its upper level bridge and supporting columns are crafted in concrete, their sculptural forms ensure structural integrity in this seismic region and the base of each column morphs into seating.

▽桥梁和支撑柱

▽桥下空间，独特的造型开辟了许多用途

▽孩子们在桥下活动

▽花坛、座椅和水景

广场的改造涉及大规模的的考古发掘以及修复和保护历史悠久的威尼斯城墙的工程。重建项目还包括广场内的两家咖啡馆和位于 Omirou 大道的带入口坡道的新地下停车场。广场上楼梯和电梯直接与Solomos广场的巴士总站相连。

The renovation of the square involved extensive archaeological excavations together with works to repair and protect the historic Venetian Walls. The redevelopment also includes two cafes within the square and the new underground parking lot with access ramp on Omirou Avenue. Stairs and elevators directly connect with the bus terminal in Solomos Square.

▽上下空间连接细节

扎哈·哈迪德建筑事务所对 Eleftheria 广场的改造将尼科西亚丰富的历史与对未来坚定不移的乐观态度融合在一起。这座广场连接了威尼斯城墙和护城河，成为通往旧城区的重要门户，其地下停车场将汽车从古城的街道上移走，进一步促进步行道的使用，强化了这个历史街区的城市领域部分，同时还创造了新的公共花园和广场，受到市民和游客的喜爱。

ZHA’s transformation of Eleftheria Square weaves together Nicosia’s rich history with an unwavering optimism for the future. Bridging the Venetian Wall and moat, the square becomes an important gateway to the old city, its underground parking removing cars from the ancient city’s streets to enable further pedestrianisation that enhances the urban realm of this historic district while also creating new public gardens and plazas to be enjoyed by residents and visitors to the city.

▽总平面图

▽下层平面图

▽上层平面图

▽剖面图

▽水景剖面图

▽细节构造图

Architect: Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA)
Design: Zaha Hadid, Patrik Schumacher, Christos Passas
ZHA Competition team: Christos Passas (Design Director), Saffet Bekiroglu, Viviana Muscettola,
Michele Pasca di Magliano, Daniel Fiser, Ceyhun Baskin, Inanc Eray
ZHA Schematic Design Team: Stella Nikolakaki (Design Lead), Sevil Yazici (Design Lead), Sylvia
Georgiadou, Takang Hsu, Phivos Skroumbelos and Marilena Sophocleus (Landscape), Chrysi
Fradellou, Edward Sorgeloose, Vladimir Tschaly
ZHA Design Development: Dimitris Akritopoulos (Design Lead), Bence Pap (Design Lead),
Kwanphil Cho, Reza Esmaeeli, Chrysi Fradellou, Raul Forsoni, Thomas Frings, Jesus Garate, Irene
Guerra, George Giokalas, Spyridon Kaprinis, Javier Ernesto Lebie, Carlos Luna, Vincent Nowak,
Anna Papachristoforou, Sophia Papageorgiou, Vivian Pashiali, Ivan Ucros Polley, Matthew
Richardson, Michail Roidis, Hendrik Rupp, Andri Shalou, Vladimir Tschaly, Leo Alves, Megan
Burke (Landscape), Eleni Mente (Landscape), David McDowell (Administration)
ZHA Project Supervision Team: Electra Mikelides, Dimitris Kolonis, Stella Nikolakaki, Vivian
Pashiali, Christos Sazos, Nicos Yiatros, Christina Christodoulidou, Maria-Eleni Bali
Consultants
On-site Engineers: Eleni Loizou, Remos Achilleos
Structural Engineers: ASD Hyperstatic Engineering [Limassol]; Andros Achilleos (Principal
Engineer), Michalis Allayiotis (Project Engineer)
MEP Engineers: UNEMEC [Nicosia]; Lakis Pipis (Director in-charge), Andreas Karayiannis and
Trevor Colett (Directors), Chris MacFarlane, Kleovoulos Kasoulides, George Lerides, Kypros
Tziakouris (Electrical Engineers -supervision stage) Kostas Archeos (Supervising Electrical
Engineer) Panayiotis Ktorides (Mech. Engineer)
Lighting: Kardorff Lichtplanung Ing. [Berlin]; Volker Kardorff (Principal), Stefan Krauel (Project
Designer)
Accessibility Consultants: David Bonnett Associates; David Bonnett
MTCW; Klelia Petridou
Traffic Consultants: SKM Colin Buchanan; Andreas Markides (CEO), Colin Firth (Director)
Project Management/Coordination Team: Modinos & Vrahimis Associates; Saverios Vrahimis
(Director), Anna Lyssandridou
Client Project Management Team: Agni Petridou (Project Coordinator), Maria Ioannou, Maria
Georgiou, Foivos Tsappas, Georgiana Loizides
Cost Consultants: MDA Cyprus; Stephanos Andreou (Director In Charge), Niki Stavrou
Advisors: Lekton [Cyprus]; Andy Sphicas, Soula Iacovidou
The Concrete Center [UK]
Beton Centrum [NL]