青岛台东三路步行街创想段景观设计

公司：	风物营造景观设计	类型：	景观
地区：	中国	标签：	街道改造

风物营造：面对一条商住混合的老旧步行街，回归最基础的景观语言：以对竖向与尺度的细致处理，回应多方面的难题。以留白创造包容，用细节丰富留白，在倾斜的步行街上雕刻出一个公园。

Landtek Group: We using the basic landscape approaches——regrading and scales, to deal with the site issues in an old pedestrian street with mixed commercial and residential area. A park with a serious of flexible spaces was created on a grant slope.

在青岛人口稠密的老城区中，设计师充分发挥大斜坡作为公共空间的价值。通过重振公共空间，一方面为周边居民提供活动场所，另一方面激活经济疲弱的青岛老城中心区，释放大斜坡所在城区的土地价值。

In the densely-populated old town of Qingdao, this project is intended to create new public realm for both the neighborhood and citizens, and stimulate the center of the depressed distirct by revitalizing the public realm.

项目背景：曾经的德国殖民地，衰落中的商业街区

Background: A Historic German Colony, a Declining Commercial District

台东三路大斜坡位于青岛的老城区台东，这曽是20世纪初殖民时期由德国政府规划并建立的华人劳工区。德国政府在山峦起伏的青岛上进行格网城市规划，形成高密度城区的同时产生了本项目平均坡度5.5%、延绵200M长的大斜坡。

In the early 20th century, the German government established a district for Chinese laborers, where the 3rd Taidong Road is located now. Utterly different from the commercial street in hustle and bustle, the east section of the 3rd Taidong Road is an unfrequented grand slope 200M long with gradient of 5.5%.

▽项目区位

时至今日，台东三路仍是青岛市内最繁华的商业步行街区之一。然而，该城区恶劣的通风和采光条件以及高度缺失的公共空间，造成了持续自20世纪尾段至今的人口流失、人口老龄化和贫民化。当地居民与游客在极度稀缺的公共空间使用分配上矛盾频繁，台东三路商业街区在过去十年间逐渐衰落。

The 3rd Taidong Road is the most bustling commercial pedestrian street in the old town of Qingdao in east China. However, poor living conditions as well as a severe lack of public realm, have resulted in the continuous outflow, aging and impoverishment of the population in this district since the late 20th century. Under frequent conflicts between local residents and citizens over the allocation of the extremely scarce public realm, the crowded commercial district on the 3rd Taidong Road has gradually declined in the past decade.

▽改造前的台东三路步行街

设计策略

Design Strategies

为系统性地平衡居民和游客对有限城市公共空间的使用，设计师将三分之二面积的斜坡转化为台地以创造可供停留的活动场所，剩余的三分之一斜坡依然可满足货车及后勤车辆通行，以此创造一系列弹性的场所以容纳随着未来街区振兴所涌现的新活动需求。

By renovating grand slope of Taidong, this project systematically balanced the use of the limited urban public realm by residents and citizens, while creating a series of flexible places to meet new needs emerging with revitalization of the district in the future.First, the landscape architect transformed 2/3 of the slope into terraces for people to stay and left the other 1/3 of the slope for trucks and logistic vehicles to pass.

▽改造前后对比

▽项目模型

如今的大斜坡由大面积租金低廉的居住区环绕，并且有四分之一的街面被一所学校的围墙所占据。受斜坡和两侧消极界面的限制，这里对通达性和界面开放的诉求极高。设计师将弊端化为优势，利用高差和围墙创作出一系列斜坡活动空间，活动剧场、梯级水景、外摆平台、小广场、策展盒子、休憩长廊等，充分激活场地的活力，同时留足空间弹性。

The grant slope is surrounded by residential area, and a quarter of the street is occupied by a wall. Restricted by the slope and negative interfaces on both sides, there is a high demand for accessibility and opening. The designer turned the disadvantages into advantages, and create a series of slope activity spaces to fully activate the vitality of the site.

▽一系列的弹性活动空间

▽改造前后对比

一系列亭子与凉廊替代原有学校的围墙，既为居民提供全天候的休憩场所，也为未来商业街区举办艺术展览预留出空间。

A series of pavilions replaced the fence of the school, which not only provide an all-weather recreational space but also keep the slope active enough for the upcoming urban events, for example the artistic exhibitions.

渐变的条带铺装强化街道的整体性和辨识度，铺装材质的搭配强化反射着白天的日光和夜间的霓虹灯，强化街道活力和底商的商业氛围。

The identifiable pavement can reflect daylight in the day and neon lights at night, which along with the series of terraces makes the slope a new landmark in the commercial district of Taidong.

用弹性空间拥抱未来的多样性

Embrace the Unpredictable Future with Flexibility

鉴于当地对公共空间的风俗习惯，设计师最终未能成功说服居民接受任何一株新增的乔木，这成为了本项目的最大遗憾。因此，台东大斜坡最终同整个商业街区一样，成为了没有绿荫覆盖，而持续被高频率使用的公共空间。

Due to local traditional customs, the landscape architect eventually failed to persuade residents to accept any new tree in the slope.

街道功能连同弹性的城市空间被注入场地之中。大斜坡的功能并非是固化的，而是可跟随使用者以及城市事件的变换而转化的弹性空间。

With flexibility, the function of the large slope is not fixed, but a flexible space that can be transformed following the users and urban events.

台东大斜坡改造后，老人、小孩、周边居民连同商业街区中的市民以正式或非正式的方式占据并利用不同高度上的台地；一系列看似空白的弹性场所积极拥抱着这个街区未来的可能性和不确定性。

After the reconstruction of the Taitung Slope, the elderly, children, surrounding residents, and citizens in the commercial block occupy and use the terraces at different heights in a formal or informal way; a series of seemingly blank elastic places actively embrace the unpredictable future of this block.

在既有的商业活力衰落的情况下，台东大斜坡改造项目通过重振老城区中心的公共空间，为该城区的城市更新打开新的思路、创造新的机遇。

Even so, the project embraces the indetermination of the future, broaden vision for urban renewal of the district by revitalizing the public realm in the center of the old town in Qingdao.