圣约翰公园 概念设计

圣约翰公园是荷兰隧道的终点站，也是进入曼哈顿的入口，每天有10万人通过。 转盘利用五个岔路口将交通分配到五个方向。 由于这种复杂的交通格局，场地中心仍然无法进入，无法建设，无法施工。 圣约翰公园对公众永久关闭。

St. John’s Park is the terminus of the Holland Tunnel and entry to Manhattan, passed through by 100,000 people per day.  The rotary distributes traffic into five directions using five offramps.  Because of this complex traffic pattern, the center of the site remains inaccessible, unbuilt and unbuildable.  St. John’s Park is permanently closed to the public.

▽场地原状 The current situation of the site

▽改造后的项目鸟瞰 Aerial

▽项目低层 The lower floor

本方案是根据现有匝道的几何形状产生的，因此隧道交通可以继续畅通无阻。 一个连续的环形结构从街道水平到地下一层，挖掘场地中心，允许行人在现有道路下方通行。环形结构定义了新的圣约翰公园的所有元素和活动，从道路到内部和外部的项目空间，并将其相互连接起来。

This proposal is generated from the geometry of the existing offramps, so that tunnel traffic may continue unimpeded.  A continuous loop travels from street level to one level below ground, excavating the center of the site and allowing pedestrian passage below the existing roadway.  The loop structure defines and interconnects all of the elements and activities of the new St. John’s Park, from the roadways to interior and exterior program spaces.

▽项目生成概念 Concept of the project

▽项目最终效果图 Final overview

在街道上，环形结构创造了一系列小公园，保护了交通：亲密的广场、野生花园、狗园和游乐场。 对于汽车来说，保护公园的墙框住了进入城市的那一刻，让人想起1983-1987年理查德-塞拉在该地安装的弧形雕塑。 从街道上的楼梯、自行车坡道和电梯通向中央的下沉式公园和围绕它的内部项目空间。 作为一个邻里广场，下沉式公园既是一个目的地，也是邻里之间不同部分的连接点。 它的直径为300英尺，向天空开放，种植着曼哈顿的本土植被。 在倾盆大雨时，它就像一个生物水渠，各种水景与该地的地下水相互作用。 这个公园可以满足多种功能：它可以是一个聚会、休闲、观景的广场，也可以是一个游乐场，冬天可以是一个滑冰场，市中心的农贸市场，也可以是一个电影和表演的户外场地。

At street level the loop creates a series of small parks protected from traffic: intimate piazzas, wild gardens, dog parks, and playgrounds.  For cars, the walls that protect the parks frame the moment of entry into the city, reminiscent of Richard Serra’s Arc sculpture installed on the site from 1983-1987.  Staircases, bike ramps, and elevators from the street lead down to the central Sunken Park and the interior program spaces that surround it.  Serving as a neighborhood square, the Sunken Park is both a destination and a point of connection between different parts of the neighborhood.  It is 300 feet in diameter and open to the sky, planted with the native vegetation of Manahatta.  During downpours it acts as a bioswale, and various water features interact with the groundwater on the site.  The park can accommodate many functions: it can be a piazza for gathering, relaxation, and people watching, a playground, an ice-skating rink in the winter, a downtown farmer’s market, and an outdoor venue for film and performance.

▽中央广场区可以作为不同的活动场地 The central Plaza area can be used as a venue for different activities

从上面的街边公园的天窗照明，公园周边的内部空间可以容纳一系列的项目：电影院和礼堂、餐厅和咖啡馆、瑜伽室和澡堂、教育和儿童项目。作为户外公园和内部空间之间的门槛，上面的环形道路形成了一个拱廊，可以避雨或夏季的阳光。 除了流通之外，它还可以作为户外餐厅和咖啡馆的座位，在恶劣的天气中作为农贸市场，并为儿童提供有遮蔽的户外游乐场。

Lit with skylights from the street level parks above, the interior spaceslining the perimeter of the park can accommodate a series of programs: movie theaters and auditoriums, restaurants and cafes, yoga studios and bath houses, education and children’s programs. Acting as a threshold between the outdoor park and the interior spaces, the circular roadway above creates an arcade, allowing for shelter from the rain or summer sun.  Besides circulation, it can be used for outdoor restaurant and café seating, farmer’s markets during inclement weather, and covered outdoor playgrounds for children.

▽环形道路形成的拱廊为下方不同的活动空间提供了遮蔽 Threshold provide shelter for the different activity Spaces below

从提供家庭和游乐的场所，到形成城市生活的缓和，再到成为文化的目的地，新的圣约翰公园将纽约市中心近一个世纪以来一直无法进入的空地，变成了一个独特的城市公共生活的重要中心。

From providing places for family and play, to forming a reprieve from urban life, to becoming a cultural destination, the new St. John’s Park takes empty space in the heart of New York that has been inaccessible for almost a century, and makes it into a unique and vital center for public life in the city.

▽项目将成为当地公共生活的重要中心 The park will be the vital center for the public

St. John’s Park was awarded the 2019 Architect’s Newspaper Best of Design Award for Unbuilt—Urban Design and an Honorable Mention in the 2020 Architizer A+ Awards in the Transportation—Unbuilt category.

▽项目剖透视图 Perspective Section

Project Name: St. John’s Park

Location: New York, New York

Architects: Ballman Khapalova

Structural Engineers: Thornton Tomasetti

Landscape Architecture: Starr Whitehouse

Climate Engineering: Transsolar Kilma Engineering

Naval Engineering: Persak&Wurmfeld

Concrete Fabrication: BPDL

Construction and Logistics: Sciame Construction

Project Date: 2019, ongoing (Concept Proposal)