俄罗斯图拉历史中心的复兴改造

公司：	Wowhaus Bureau	类型：	景观
地区：	俄罗斯	标签：	公共设施 \| 滨水空间

图拉克里姆林宫旁的喀山堤坡几个世纪以来一直作为封闭的工业区存在，实际上已经变为废弃土地，或者说是一个位于城市中心的黑洞。2018年，经过翻新，这里将变成一个能够吸引居民和游客的文化中心。

The Kazan embankment by the Tula Kremlin was a closed industrial zone for several centuries which has practically turned into an abandoned territory, a black hole in the very heart of the city. In 2018, as a result of renovation, the historical part of Tula is set to turn into a cultural centre interesting for residents and tourists.

▽原场地

目标：

振兴城市的历史：尽可能利用堤坡的潜力，为周围的市中心寻找关键功能，以显著提高城市环境质量。为居民提出简单易行的全新方案，将 15 公顷的土地从一个管理不善的废地转变为一个受欢迎的公共空间。

Objective

To revitalise the historical part of the city: to use the potential of the embankment as much as possible and find key functions for the city centre surrounding it in order to significantly increase the quality of the urban environment. Propose simple, but fundamentally new scenarios for the residents thanks to which 15 hectares of land will transform from a poorly organized territory into a welcoming public space

解决方案：

为开发三倍于图拉克里姆林宫的土地如何利用，需修改其使用策略，使长长的堤坡不与城市的其他部分产生割裂感：沿着乌帕河河床的步行路线成为新步行区系统的一部分——一个博物馆区，一条有商店的步行街和咖啡馆以及克里姆林宫地区，增加了新的入口而使其更容易进入。

Solution

In order to understand how a territory three times as big as the Tula Kremlin functions, it is necessary to revise the strategy of its use. The long embankment cannot exist separately to the rest of the city: the walking route along the former river-bed of the Upa river becomes a part of the new system of pedestrian areas with several semantic centres - a museum quarter, a pedestrian street with shops and cafes and also the Kremlin territory which is becoming more accessible due to a new entrance

重建项目Reconstruction project

克里姆林宫城墙附近的公园

总面积12公顷的堤坡长期被图拉军工厂使用，对居民关闭。现在它又回到了城市的结构上。
堤防的新生活开始于清理和填满以前的河床，清除土地上的杂草和杂乱无章的维修建筑物。在乌帕河岸边设计了一个景观公园，可以方便地前往水上和人行天桥。
步行区、咖啡馆、夏季舞台、儿童和运动区位于河流和克里姆林宫墙之间。新路堤成为了一个具有全市意义的休闲区，是一个娱乐、散步、全市活动和季节性集市的地方。堤坡终于打开了通往图拉克里姆林宫的另一个入口。

The territory of the embankment with a total area of 12 hectares was used by the Tula arms factory for a long time and was closed for residents. Now it is back to the fabric of the city.

The new life of the embankment had been started with cleaning and filling the former river-bed with water, cleaning the territory from weeds and chaotically built maintenance buildings. A landscape park is designed on the bank of the Upa river with easy access to the water and pedestrian bridges.

Walking zones, a cafe, a summer stage, children's and sports areas is located between the river and the Kremlin wall. The new embankment became a recreational zone of a city-wide significance, a place for fun, walking, city-wide events and seasonal fairs. The embankment has finally opened another entry to the Tula Kremlin.

▽儿童活动区

Krestovozdvizhenskaya 广场 - 步行区

该广场成为吸引城市居民和游客的中心，是图拉克里姆林宫博物馆建筑群的开放式门厅和 Metallistov 街上的博物馆区。
从广场一侧进入克里姆林宫的入口经过修复，并为残疾人士配备专门设施，以满足所有现代要求。

The square became a self-sufficient centre of attraction for residents and visitors of the city, a sort of open foyer of the museum complex of the Tula Kremlin and the museum quarter on Metallistov street.

The entrance to the Kremlin from the side of the square is restored and equipped for people with disabilities so as to meet all modern requirements.

Metallistov 街的新面貌
Metallistov 街，前身为 Pyatnitskaya 街，是该市最古老的街道之一。在十八世纪，它是最早铺设的街道之一，但今天它的状况并不理想，成为城市活动的边缘。
现在整条街门庭若市，机动车也可通行。破旧的设施都得到更新，为未来博物馆区的存在创造条件。
这条街上布满了大量十九世纪的建筑古迹。现在正在修复中，街道与图拉克里姆林宫一起成为城市的重要标志和新的旅游和休闲城市中心

Metallistov Street, the former Pyatnitskaya Street, is one of the oldest streets in the city. In the XVIII century it was among the first streets to be paved, but today it is not in the best condition and ended up on the periphery of urban events.

Now the entire street is pedestrian with the possibility of passing special-purpose motor vehicles. All dilapidated communications are renewed to create conditions for the existence of the future museum quarter.

The street is filled with a large number of architectural monuments of the XIXth century. They are now being restored and the street, along with the Tula Kremlin, became an important symbol of the city and a new tourist and recreational city centre

减少交通负荷
为了向居民开放城市的中心部分，交通设计发生了变化：来自 Metallistov 街的交通流被重定向到附近的街道。研究表明，新桥梁的修建，将使未来几年市中心的交通量减少。

In order to open the central part of the city for residents, the transport scheme are changed: the traffic streams from the Metallistov street are redirected to nearby streets. This decision is justified by a research which showed that the amount of traffic in the city centre will be decreasing in the coming years due to a new bridge.

改造博物馆区
博物馆区是翻新中心最吸引人的地方之一。图拉地区博物馆将成为本季度的地区代表。其他建筑物的底层应该被商店和咖啡馆、教育设施、酒店和办公室占据。
文化机构正在建设中，但在此之前，内部空间和庭院得到了改善，这些都是儿童活动、额外展览和特别活动的场所。本季度主要街道的重建是否引起了一些使城市充满活力的当地倡议和项目

The museum quarter is one of the most interesting points of the renovated centre. Representatives of the Tula region museums will form the base of the quarter. The ground floors of the other buildings were supposed to be occupied by shops and cafes, educational facilities, hotels and offices above.

Now cultural institutions are finishing with construction, but before that inner spaces and courtyards were improved, these are places for children activities, additional exhibitions and special events. Do the reconstruction of the main streets in the quarter caused some local initiatives and projects that make the city vibrant.

▽博物馆区域夜景

▽顶视图

▽堤坡形成的新公共空间

▽规划设计图

地址：图拉

客户：OOO“Tulskaya Naberezhnaya”
事务所负责人：Dmitry Likin and Oleg Shapiro
建筑师：Mikhail Kozlov
建筑师：Maria Khokhlova、Anastasia Izmakova、Anna Karneeva、Marina Pakhomova、Kristina Rykova、Jan Freese
总体规划部分专家：Nina Smirnova、Alexandra Nikulnikova、Lyubov Peretokina
首席项目工程师：Alexey Zhirkov 、Alexey Pavlov
景观设计：Natureform
项目经理：Svetlana Salushcheva
总面积：14.4 公顷
水体面积：1.4 公顷
绿地面积：6.2公顷
建筑面积：0.07公顷
项目：克里姆林宫（喀山路堤）综合公共设计
建设：2017-2018