圣托里尼的拱形住宅群

公司：	iraisynn attinom	类型：	建筑
地区：	希腊	标签：	别墅私宅

四座避暑别墅由建筑工作室iraisynn attinom设计，位于希腊圣托里尼伊亚地区的岩石地块。圣托里尼岛是爱琴海南部的岛屿，是一系列小圆形群岛中最大的岛屿，也是火山喷发的遗迹。

Four autonomous summer houses were designed by architectural studio, iraisynn attinom, for a rocky plot in the area of Oia, on the island of Thira (Santorini) in Greece. Santorini is an island in the southern Aegean sea. It is the largest island of a small, circular archipelago, and it is the remnant of a volcanic caldera.

设计原则Design principles

设计的主要目标是保护建筑免受西北风的影响，并尽可能享受大海和地中海火山的景观视野，以及完善住户之间的私密性。岩石地块朝北，暴露在当地的强西北风中。设计师通过将主建筑体量划分为较小的体量，以保护它们不受强风影响，但突出大海和基克拉迪的景色。立方体的房屋沿着地块的斜坡，创造了一个类似于岛屿乡村的传统定居点。该建筑群由8个整体矩形体量组成，带有拱形天花板，私人庭院，游泳池和半开放空间。住宅由两个主要部分组成，客厅和厨房区域，以及位于楼上的主卧、浴室和次卧。

The main objectives of the design are the protection from the northwest winds, the view towards the sea and the Mediterranean volcanic landscape, and the accomplishment of privacy among residents. The rocky plot faces north and is exposed to strong northwest winds that dominate the area. The goal of the design was, through the division of the main building volume into smaller ones, to create a number of outdoor spaces protected from the winds, but presenting views to the sea and the cycladic landscape. The cubical houses follow the slope of the plot, creating a settlement resembling traditional ones located in the countryside of the island. The complex consists of 8 monolithic volumes of rectangular shape with arched ceilings, private yards, swimming pools, and semi open spaces. The residential unit consists of two main volumes, one housing the living room and the kitchen, and the other housing one master bedroom, a bathroom, and a secondary bedroom on the upper floor.

▽餐厅

▽卧室与浴室

▽泳池

建造—可持续性Construction – sustainability

设计的另一个重要目标是实现建筑的可持续性。建筑由当地的石砌体和拱形天花板制成。目标是使用尽可能多的当地建筑材料。建筑物厚厚的石材外墙具有较大的比热容。墙面采用古希腊发现的生态天然石膏“Kourasani”，以浅色为主色调，灰白色能有效反射太阳辐射，防止建筑物过热。“kourasani”石膏含有两种成分：经过加工的圣托里尼火山灰（Terra Pozzuolana）和陶瓷/天然石粉，两者都以其出色的水力性能而闻名。
Another important objective of the design proposal is the sustainability of the construction. The structure is made from local stone masonry and arched ceilings. The goal is to use as many building materials of local origin as possible. The thick stone exterior walls of the buildings have a large heat capacity. For the wall covering, an ecological natural plaster, “Kourasani”, discovered in ancient Greece, is proposed in light shades. The off-white color reflects solar radiation and prevents the overheating of the building. The “kourasani” plaster contains two ingredients: processed Santorini volcanic ash (Terra Pozzuolana) and Ceramic / natural stone powder, both known for their excellent hydraulic properties.

主入口位于建筑物的东立面。北部的开口有助于在炎热的季节带来凉爽。阁楼的最高处设有一扇采用当地建筑元素的天窗，这有助于在夏季夜晚疏散集中在上层的热空气。此外，还有木制的芦苇凉棚和攀缘树植用于遮阳。
The main openings are placed on the east facade of the building. To the north, small openings contribute to the cooling of the houses during the hot months of the year. In the highest position, in the attic, a skylight is placed (element of local architecture), which facilitates the evacuation of hot air concentrated on the upper floor during summer nights. Additionally, wooden and reed pergolas and vegetation, such as climbing plants and trees, are used for shading.

这座新建筑群的密集结构由不同的体量、封闭的庭院、凉爽的通道和凉棚等部分组成，为居民创造了一个凉爽的微气候。基于夏季风的朝向以及立方体房屋边上的水池也有助于住宅区的自然通风和冷却。
The dense structure of this new settlement of diverse volumes, enclosed courtyards, shaded passages, pergolas, etc. creates a cool microclimate for the inhabitants. The orientation based on summer winds, as well as water pools that accompany the cubical houses, contribute to the natural ventilation and cooling of the housing complex.

▽夜景

梯田有助于雨水的收集和储存，这在基克拉泽斯群岛等缺水地区非常重要。该地块的其余部分将种植当地的低高度地中海植被以及一些棕榈树。
Terraces contribute to the collection and storage of rainwater, an issue of major importance in areas with water scarcity such as the Cyclades. In the rest area of the plot, local low-height Mediterranean vegetation, as well as some palm trees, will be planted.

▽平面图