西安华润万象城·生命之树

生命之树是西安华润置地国际文化商业中心（CCBD）的核心地标建筑。它位于西安万象城广场中央，从地下层拔地而起，由60片钢结构的巨型叶片组成，是一处57m高的纵向公园。叶子沿不同高度依次还原干草原、干沙漠、干燥灌木、温带阔叶林、山地森林、高山苔原、温带草原等7重生态特征，将横向的地理文化与气候表征以纵向维度去表达。

Xi'an Tree is the central landmark of the China Resources Land International Culture and Business Center (CCBD) in Xi'an. It is located in the center of The Mixc Plaza and rises up from the subterranean level, consisting of 60 steel-structured giant leaves in a 57m-high longitudinal park. The leaves restore seven ecological features along different heights, such as Dry steppe, Arid Dessert, Xeric shrubland, Temperate Broadleaf Forest, Mountain forest, Alpine tundra, and Temperate steppe, in order to express the horizontal geo-cultural and climatic representations in a vertical dimension.

2023年8月，纬图在Heatherwick Studio的概念基础上，介入到生命之树的景观方案深化、优化工作中。基于HS提出的七个生态区构想，我们对“生命之树”所涉及的生态区特征进行抓取研究，分析不同生态区的质感、色调、植物状态、空间氛围感等，并与西安植物园共创梳理出适配西安的植物清单，利用不同表征的植物、铺装、覆盖物等元素，全方位展示其独有的生境表情。

In August 2023, WTD GROUP intervened to deepen and optimize the landscape scheme of Xi'an Tree based on the landscape concept of Heatherwick Studio. Based on the seven ecological zones proposed by HS, we captured the characteristics of the ecological zones involved in the tree, analyzed the texture, color tone, plant status, and spatial ambience of different ecological zones, and co-created with Xi'an Botanical Garden a list of plants suitable for Xi'an, and made use of plants, paving, and mulching elements with different characteristics to show its unique characteristics in a comprehensive way. Using different representations of plants, paving, mulch and other elements, the site will display its unique habitat expression in an all-round way.

Ⅰ.寻求每一个生态区最典型的生境表情

 Looking for the most typical features of each ecoregion

如何集中在一棵树上讲述“一带一路”的宏大叙事，重现干草原、干沙漠、干燥灌木、温带阔叶林、山地森林、高山苔原、温带草原七个生态区？西安位于关中平原，暖温带半湿润大陆性气候，冬季寒干冷，夏季炎热，加上种植环境为非地培。丰富的景观设计，与非常规的实施条件，为生命之树的景观营造带来诸多挑战。

How to focus on a tree to tell the grand narrative of “One Belt, One Road”, reproducing the seven ecological 7 ecological zones ? Xi'an is located in the Guanzhong Plain, with a warm-temperate semi-humid continental climate, cold and dry winters, and hot summers, coupled with a planting environment that is not geocultivated. The rich landscape design, with unconventional implementation conditions, brings many challenges to the landscape creation of the project.

我们去寻找每一个生态区最典型的生境表情。以山地森林生态区为例，我们寻找到山地森林独特的自然片段作为切入点，纯净的蕨类花园生长出极具生命力的白桦树。恰好丛生河桦适配西安气候，因此采用丛生河桦作为乔木骨架，库伯蕨和鳞毛蕨做中层，爱尔兰珍珠草及细松针纯化底层，同时采用板岩拼接的深灰色调铺装共同营造湿润的山地森林绿境。到了秋冬季节河桦会挂上色叶并落叶，而蕨类花园可维系冬日的绿意。

We went in search of the most typical habitat features of each ecological zone. As an example, we searched for the unique natural picture of the mountain forest ecoregion, where pure fern gardens grow birch trees. It just so happens that the river birch is suited to the local climate, so the designers used it as a tree. Cooper's Fern and Scaly Fern are used as the middle layer, Irish Pearl Grass and Fine Pine Needles are used as the bottom layer of the plant, while the dark gray tone paving with slate patchwork is used to create the feeling of wet mountain forest. Come fall and winter, when the river birch leaves change color and drop, the fern garden sustains the greenery of winter.

来到干草原区域，我们抓取该生态区最具显著特征的画面，提取枯黄的植物基调加大面积裸露的沙漠质感。我们在甘肃戈壁中找到了柽柳、柠条等原本作为防风固沙的乔木品种，去表现荒漠中野蛮的强劲的生命力。使用紫叶车桑子、细叶芒为可控骨架，底层以哈默恩狼尾草、棕红苔草、火云刺柏作为植物基底。其中，紫叶车桑子的叶子到了冬天会变得像火焰一般红，是独属于干草原的一抹亮色。为了还原沙漠质感，我们将大量的要盖物(麦饭石)裸露，与枯黄调植物形成独特的干草原画面。

Coming to the Dry steppe area, we captured the most characteristic images of this ecological zone, extracting the yellowish plant tone and the texture of the large bare desert. The designer found tamarisk, lemon bar and other tree species in the Gobi of Gansu to express the strong vitality in the desert. The plant skeleton is made of purple-leafed psoralea and fine-leafed awns, and the bottom layer is made of Hameln's wolfsbane, brown-red tussock, and fire-clouded juniper as the plant base. Among them, the leaves of purple-leaved psyllium become red like flames in winter, a bright color unique to this ecological zone. In order to restore the desert texture, we left a large amount of to-cover material (mackerel) bare, and withered yellow-toned plants to form a unique picture of the dry prairie.

除叶片景观台外，生命之树从底部到顶部有三个重点：下沉广场-东方花园，中层平台-丝路绿洲，顶层平台-华山之巅。在下沉广场，树根从地下10米向上徐徐展开，树根处是一片东方韵味的水池，莲生于水中，栈桥浮于水上。我们采用霸王莲及纸莎草为骨架，点缀科罗拉多睡莲，形成极具生机的花园。

In addition to the leaf landscape platform, the Xi'an Tree has three key areas from the bottom to the top: the Sunken Plaza - Oriental Garden, the Middle Platform - Silk Road Oasis, and the Top Platform - Top of Mount Hua. In the Sunken Plaza, the roots of the tree unfold upward from 10 meters below the ground, and at the roots is a pond where lotus flowers are born in the water, and the trestle bridge floats on the water. We have used the king lotus and papyrus as the plant skeleton, and embellished with Colorado water lilies to form a vibrant garden.

中层平台由13 个巨型叶片相连组全树最大的平台，它隶属于温带阔叶林，因此我们为它配置了丰富的季相型植物，丰富的色彩变化……

The middle platform consists of 13 giant leaves connected to form the largest platform in the tree, which belongs to the temperate broad-leaved forest, so we configured it with rich seasonal plants and rich color variations. ......

顶层设计之初就想还原华山之巅的自然风貌，因此我们对华山画面进行剖析，其显著特征是山石、矮灌、松的组合，松是苍劲自然的，灌木具有冲破山石的生命力。因此顶层植物设计有别于其他生态区，空间设计的策略是放空，让登顶者犹如登顶华山之巅，有更多跟城市进行视线交互的机会。我们挑选自然冠且具有剪影美的造型黑松，而底层以堰柏、新西兰小刺柏纯化基底。登顶生命之树，向北远眺隋唐天坛，向西与电视塔遥相呼应。

At the beginning of the top floor design, we wanted to restore the natural appearance of the top of Mount Hua, so the designer analyzed the picture of Mount Hua, which is characterized by the combination of rocks, short shrubs and pines, the pines are strong and natural, and the shrubs have the vitality of breaking through the rocks. Therefore, the plant design of the top floor is different from other ecological zones, and the strategy of the space design is to empty the space, so that the climbers can have more chances to interact with the city sight as if they were on top of Huashan. We selected natural crowns with silhouette beauty of stylized black pines, while the bottom layer is purified with weir cypress and New Zealand small juniper. At the top of the Xi'an Tree, you can see the Tang Dynasty Temple of Heaven to the north and the TV Tower to the west.

▽顶层平台现场施工指导

在号苗过程中，我们几乎走遍了全国各地才一点一滴搭建起如此复杂的植物框架。在甘肃武威戈壁滩里挑选柽柳和柠条，在河北赤峰寻找有姿型美的文冠果，在山东滨州寻找丛生河桦。而顶层的黑松更是跑了好几个省份，最后在山东莱芜找到了形态自然、未被人工修型的造型黑松与赤松。经过多轮打样与论证，沿着植物搭配寻找最优解，满足持久性及效果上的控制，以保证它们的完美落地。

In the process of searching for plants, we traveled almost all over the country to build up such a complex plant framework bit by bit. In Gansu, we selected tamarisks and lemons in the Gobi Desert, in Hebei we searched for beautifully shaped avena, and in Shandong we searched for clumps of river birch. And the top layer of black pine is even ran to several places, and finally in Shandong Laiwu found a natural form of black pine and red pine. After many rounds of proofing and argumentation, the designer searched for the optimal solution along the plant mix to meet the durability and effect control to ensure their perfect landin

▽在山东莱芜找到形态自然的黑松/赤松

▽植物打样&驻场

II .用算法模拟自然

Simulating the nature with technology

生命之树整棵树都由Grasshopper电池生成。我们搭建了一个景观控制系统LIM体系，把排水、荷载、植物、结构、幕墙、灯光、微环境等十几个工种集中整合在LIM体系里，统筹各个工种，利用算法模拟自然。

Xi'an tree is generated by Grasshopper battery. We built a landscape control system LIM system, integrating drainage, loading, plants, structure, curtain wall, lighting, micro-environment and a dozen other types of work centrally in the LIM system, co-ordinating each type of work, and using technology to simulate nature.

比如山地森林区域的铺装，材料选用了黑色沉积岩，它具有片状肌理，是一种符合山地森林气息的石材。我们使用Grasshopper中的算法以及其强大功能，模拟水流运动的方向和力量，实现自然水流的冲刷效果，并通过调整参数实时观察到水流冲刷后的变化。

For example, for the pavement in the Mountain forest area, the material chosen is black sedimentary rock, which has a flaky texture and is a stone that matches the atmosphere of the mountain forest. We use the algorithms in Grasshopper and its powerful functions to simulate the direction and force of water movement, to realize the effect of natural water scouring, and to adjust the parameters in real time to observe the changes of water scouring.

第一步输入基础线（Curve），使用该基础线（Curve）去把基础面进行分割（SrfSplit），分割后就得到地面铺装的基础形态。第二步通过缩放（Scale）把分割出来的面进行缩放，再提取出缩放后基础面的边线，使用两点建立向量（Vec2Pt），通过点的向量去把边线进行抖动。最后调整图像映射器（Graph Mapper）的图像形态以及两点向量（Vec2Pt）的大小，将我们所需要的铺装形态、板块大小、铺装数量计算出来。

The first step is to input Curve, use Curve to SrfSplit the base surface, and then get the base shape of the floor covering. The second step is to scale the segmented surface by Scale, and then extract the edges of the scaled base surface, use two points to build the vector Vec2Pt, and dither the edges by the vector of points. Finally, we adjust the image shape of Graph Mapper and the size of Vec2Pt to calculate the shape of the pavement, the size of the slab, and the number of pavements we need.

因为全树为钢结构，具有一定“韧性”，重了叶片变形会更严重，轻了叶片会回弹。这就意味着我们要严格遵守每个叶片的荷载预留数据，每一片树叶上的荷载分布都不同，多一分少一分都不行，因此荷载合理性及荷载验证就很重要。为此我们利用Grasshopper去做了详细验证荷载与方案推导，通过调整覆土容重达到覆土体积增值，但总覆土荷载不变。叶片铺装荷载增加，景石荷载做对应减少，反之则景石增加或荷载回填找补。每一片叶片都经过详细的计算，每个独立网格都带有数据。

Because the whole tree is a steel structure, with a certain “toughness”, heavy blade deformation will be more serious, light blade will rebound, each leaf on the distribution of loads are different, more or less can not be, so the load rationality and load verification is very important. We used Grasshopper to do a detailed verification of the load and program derivation, by adjusting the mulch capacity to achieve the mulch volume value-added, but the total mulch load remains unchanged. When the leaf paving load increases, the scenic stone load is reduced, and vice versa, the scenic stone is increased or the load is backfilled. Each blade is calculated in detail, with data on each individual grid.

▽覆土荷载的可视化表达示例与Grasshopper的参数化计算示例

为了保证植物后期的存活，我们还通过Grasshopper模拟光照，利用纬图自行研发的光照分析插件进行分析输出每个叶片的光照条件，以指导植物品种的落地选择。

In order to ensure the survival of the plants in the later stage, we also simulate the light through Grasshopper, and use the light analysis plug-in developed by WTD GROUP to analyze and output the light conditions of each leaf, in order to guide the selection of plant varieties on the ground.

III .用手作还原自然

Restore the nature with handmade

用Grasshopper生成铺装块面之后，我们分别从质地、肌理、色彩等多维度去寻找匹配每一个生态区的材料。原方案考虑的是采用20多种材料以混拼逻辑做丰富的变化，但效果不理想且落地不可控，我们重新找到 5种可控材料作为主材料。

After generating the paving blocks with Grasshopper, we searched for materials to match each eco-zone in terms of texture, texture, color and other dimensions. The original plan was to use more than 20 kinds of materials to make rich changes by mixing and matching logic, but the effect was not ideal and the landing was not controllable, so we re-found 5 kinds of controllable materials as the main materials.

1）柏坡凰及中国黑石皮原生天然的材料代替复杂的混拼，经过岁月洗礼天然风化过的石皮极具色彩及纹理变化，通过石皮颜色、肌理特征进行分类、以适配不同生态区自然铺装需求，而置石也对应了相同特征的铺地材料；

2）漏骨料混凝土，通过调整其粒径、骨料、颜色、凹凸度去表达沙漠、草原铺地质感，让其符合生态区特征且效果可控；

3）用柚木还原古老有生命力的栈道及台阶；

4）青石板模拟雨水冲刷后的山地森林地面；

5）用黄金木纹、巴哈马木纹、热带雨林三种大理石异型加工，还原下沉环廊放射状室内外一体化的的精致空间。

(1) Cypress Phoenix and Chinese black stone skin native natural materials instead of complex mixing, after years of baptism of natural weathering of the stone skin is very colorful and texture changes, through the stone skin color, texture characteristics of the classification, in order to meet the needs of different ecological zones of natural paving, and place the stone also corresponds to the same characteristics of the paving materials;

(2) Aggregate leakage concrete, by adjusting its particle size, aggregate, color, and convexity to express the texture of desert and grassland paving, so that it meets the characteristics of the ecological zone and the effect is controllable;

(3) Teak wood is used to restore the ancient and vitalized trestle and steps;

(4) The green stone slabs simulate the forest floor in the mountainous area after the rainwater washes away;

(5) Use gold wood grain, Bahamas wood grain, tropical rain forest three kinds of marble shaped processing, restore the sunken corridor radial indoor and outdoor integration of exquisite space.

▽为还原西安在地性自然水池，挑选了周至县黑河里的黑青石，这种石材常年受河水冲刷具有独特石皮肌理

▽几种材料的质地、颜色、肌理不同组合，实现了与相应生态区域特征的吻合

▽设计师挑选石皮/石皮打样及修正/沟通石皮样板

想要落地自然式铺装并非易事。首先，工厂需根据石皮控制要求挑选出适配的荒料，再锯出石皮毛料备料。接着，我们根据每块石皮的图纸进行扩大预切割，再通过人工手作手凿出最自然的边界缝隙，在这个过程中尤其注重石皮缝隙咬合与大小的组合关系，避免出现机械或重复生硬的边界。石材加工完成再逐一编号，发往施工现场进行铺贴，完美工艺的背后是无数匠人的共同付出。

It is not easy to lay natural paving on the ground. First of all, the factory needs to select the appropriate barren material according to the requirements of the stone skin control, and then saw out the stone skin wool preparation. Then, according to the drawing of each piece of stone skin for the expansion of pre-cutting, and then by hand hand chiseling the most natural boundary seams, in this process pay particular attention to the stone skin seams bite and size of the combination of relationships, to avoid mechanical or repeat the hard border. Stone processing is completed and then numbered one by one, sent to the construction site for paving, behind the perfect craftsmanship is the common effort of countless craftsmen.

▽温带阔叶林生态区

生命之树的游览是一次壮观的旅程，人在逐级登高过程中也随着景致的变幻而拥有完全不同的视觉观感和游逛体验。这座四季常新的空中花园，在时间的进程中与植株的壮硕细微，与风霜雪露共生，等待人们踏入一段探索发现的旅程。

The visit to the Xi'an tree is a spectacular journey, and the visual and wandering experience is completely different as one ascends from one level to the next, with the scenery changing as one goes. This seasonal sky garden, in the course of time, with its robust and subtle plants, is waiting for people to embark on a journey of discovery and discovery.

▽铺地土黄调，基质颗粒细腻，加少量贝壳

▽土红色地铺，鹅卵石景石点缀

生命之树的景观设计与落地，是科技与自然的碰撞。对我们而言，这也是一次交融着艰难、纠结、喜悦、兴奋等复杂情绪的设计之旅。从设计到落地，我们的设计师现场服务累计超过200天，各专业提供项目全生命周期的设计配合，直至这座世界级垂直绿化建筑的最终呈现。为了再现丝绸之路上的旖旎风光，我们自己仿佛重走了一趟丝绸之路，采集各种生态样本，将它们引入生命之树。沿着历史的文脉向上生长，生命之树为西安这座千年古城注入全新的商业活力。

The landscape design and landing of Xi'an Tree is a collision of technology and nature. For us, it is also a design journey with complex emotions such as difficulty, entanglement, joy and excitement. From design to implementation, the designers' on-site service has accumulated more than 200 days, and each specialty provides design cooperation for the whole life cycle of the project until the construction is completed. In order to reproduce the beautiful scenery on the Silk Road, we ourselves seemed to retrace the Silk Road, collecting various ecological samples and introducing them into the design. Growing upwards along the vein of history, the Xi'an Tree injects brand new commercial vitality into the thousand-year-old city of Xi'an.

▽纬图提供项目全生命周期的设计配合

▽纬图团队与托马斯先生合影

项目信息

Project Information

项目名称：西安华润万象城·生命之树

Project Name: Xi'an tree of the Mix city, Xi'an ,CR LAND

项目地址：西安市雁塔区

Project Address: Yanta District, Xi'an

业主单位：华润置地有限公司

Client: China Resources Land

景观深化及优化设计/落地指导：WTD纬图设计

Landscape Deepening and Optimization Design/Landing Guide: WTD GROUP

设计团队：李卉 张黎 唐志杨 李彦萨 湛俊杰 胡国栋 谭林丰 吴丽红 李理 余中元 蓝德泉 何洁 张书桢 王利如 焦雪 宋照兵 刘洁 张维锋

Design Team: Li Hui, Zhang Li, Tang Zhiyang, Li Yansa,Zhan Junjie, Hu Guodong, Tan Linfeng, Wu Lihong, Li Li, Yu Zhongyuan, Lan Dequan, He Jie,Zhang Shuzhen, Wang Liru, Jiao Xue, Song Zhaobing, Liu Jie, Zhang Weifeng,

景观概念设计：Heatherwick Studio

Landscape Concept: Heatherwick Studio

建筑设计：Heatherwick Studio

Architectural Design: Heatherwick Studio

施工图设计：成都绿茵景园工程有限公司

Construction Drawing Design: Chengdu Greenery Garden Engineering Co.

施工单位：广州华苑园林股份有限公司

Constructor: Guangzhou Huayuan Garden Co.

花境施工单位：重庆天华园艺有限公司

Flower Border Construction Unit: Chongqing Tianhua Horticulture Co.

顾问团队：WSP (MEP工程), KTP (生命之树结构工程), CFT (生命之树幕墙工程), Speirs+Major (灯光), MIR (视觉效果), Robotics Plus (工程)

Consultant Team: WSP (MEP Engineering), KTP (Tree of Life Structural Engineering), CFT (Tree of Life Curtain Wall Engineering), Speirs+Major (Lighting), MIR (Visual Effects), Robotics Plus (Engineering)

景观面积：6,000m² Landscape area: 6,000m²

竣工时间：2024.12

Completion: 2024.12

摄影：三棱镜  / Chill Shine丘文三映

Photography: PrismImage / Chill Shine photography