阿姆斯特丹“山谷”摩天大楼

“山谷”项目是由MVRDV为开发商Edge打造的、受地质学启发，高植物覆盖率的引人注目的高层建筑。这座占地7.5万平方米的建筑最近被Emporis Awards评选为新的全球最佳摩天大楼，建筑拥有67米，81米和100米的三座塔楼以及壮观的悬臂式公寓，在阿姆斯特丹的Zuidas社区脱颖而出。

Valley, the dramatic, geology-inspired, plant-covered high-rise designed by MVRDV for developer Edge, was officially opened in a ceremony on Friday. The 75,000-square-metre building, which was recently declared the world’s best new skyscraper by the Emporis Awards, stands out in Amsterdam’s Zuidas neighbourhood with its three towers of 67, 81, and 100 metres and its spectacular cantilevered apartments.

▽建筑鸟瞰

建筑的独特之处主要体现在以下几个方面：首先，它将办公室、商店、餐饮、文化设施和公寓结合在一栋建筑中；其次，与Zuidas其他的封闭式建筑不同，项目四层和五层的塔楼之间蜿蜒的绿色山谷可以通过两座外部石阶进入。该建筑由景观设计师Piet Oudolf设计，拥有约13500株植株幼苗、灌木和树木。随着这些建筑在未来几年的成熟，这些植物将使“山谷”看上去更加绿意盎然，使建筑成为绿色城市的宣言。

The building distinguishes itself in several ways: firstly, it combines offices, shops, catering, cultural facilities, and apartments in one building; secondly, unlike the closed-off buildings elsewhere in the Zuidas, the green valley that winds between the towers on the fourth and fifth floors is accessible to everyone via two external stone staircases. The building’s extensive planting, designed by landscape architect Piet Oudolf, hosts approximately 13,500 young plants, shrubs, and trees. As these mature over the coming years, they will give Valley an increasingly green appearance, making the building a manifesto for a greener city.

▽功能分区

▽人们可以通过两座外部石阶进入“山谷”

▽街道层的外部石阶

“山谷”项目试图将绿色和人性化维度带回阿姆斯特丹Zuidas冰冷的办公环境。这是一座多面建筑，建筑外缘是光滑的镜面玻璃外壳，与商业区的环境相协调。而在外壳内部，建筑则呈现出一种截然不同的、更加引人注目的自然外观，仿佛玻璃体块被敲碎，露出内部以天然石材和绿色植物填充的崎岖岩壁。

Valley is an attempt to bring a green and human dimension back to the inhospitable office environment of Amsterdam Zuidas. It is a building with multiple faces; on the outer edges of the building is a shell of smooth mirrored glass, which fits the context of the business district. Inside this shell, the building has a completely different, more inviting natural appearance, as if the glass block has crumbled away to reveal craggy rock faces inside replete with natural stone and greenery.

▽商业区立面采用光滑的镜面玻璃外壳

▽内部以天然石材和绿色植物填充的崎岖岩壁

三幢塔楼组成的建筑群从各个方向都可以欣赏到城市的壮丽景色——首先是公寓，尤其是位于最高塔楼顶部的空中酒吧，人们可以通过一楼的Molteni旗舰店进入。建筑布局是为居民、办公人士和游客量身定制的：地下三层是停车场，办公区域占据了较低的七层，公寓则位于八层及以上。

Various locations throughout the three-tower complex offer breathtaking views of the city – the apartments, of course, but especially the sky bar at the top of the tallest tower, which visitors can access via the Molteni flagship store on the ground floor. The building’s layout is tailored to a mixture of residents, workers, and visitors: on top of the three-storey underground car park, offices occupy the lower seven floors, with apartments located on the eighth floor and up. 

▽剖面图

▽建筑在各个角度都拥有良好的景观视野

建筑的大部分区域都向公众开放：从街道层到中央山谷的公共步道，再到“Grotto（石窟）”中庭，在二层形成了一条带顶的街道。Sapiens实验室则是年轻科学家的繁殖地，将在不久后开放。“Grotto”中庭通过两个大型天窗与外部相连，这些天窗在建筑的上层兼作浅水池，其天然的石材地板、墙壁和天花板与山谷和塔楼表面使用的是同一种石材，清楚地表明了建筑的所有公共区域都是同类地质构造的一部分。

Much of the building is open to the public: from the publicly accessible footpath that zig-zags up to the central valley from the street level, to the Grotto, an atrium that forms a covered street on the first floor where the Sapiens Lab – a breeding ground for young scientists – will soon open. The grotto is connected to the outside by two large skylights that double as shallow water pools in the valley level above, and its natural stone flooring, walls, and ceilings – the same stone used on the surfaces of the valley and towers – makes clear that all the public areas of the building are part of the same apparently geological formation.

▽“Grotto”中庭结构

▽天窗在建筑的上层兼作浅水池

“山谷”的设计和建造是完全定制的，归功于数百名设计师、工程师、建筑商、顾问以及客户的持续奉献。极其复杂的造型需要对细节的精准把握，以进一步强调设计理念。MVRDV的技术专家创建了一系列定制的数字工具来完善建筑物，从确保每个公寓都有足够的光线和视野的工具，到使装饰建筑物立面的40000多种不同尺寸的石砖的随机图案程序。198套公寓的每一间都有独一无二的平面布局，这是由Heyligers Architects事务所的室内设计下实现的。归功于创新的工程设计，塔楼令人称奇的悬臂结构得以实现，包括用螺栓固定在混凝土建筑上的十一个钢制特殊部件，将整体外观提升到一个新的水平。

The design and construction of Valley is utterly bespoke, requiring the sustained commitment of hundreds of designers, engineers, builders, consultants, and of course the client. The enormously complex shape required a special commitment to fine detailing that further enhances the design concept. MVRDV’s technology experts created a series of custom digital tools to perfect the building, from a tool that ensured every apartment had adequate light and views, to a programme that made possible the apparently random pattern of over 40,000 stone tiles of varying sizes that adorn the building’s façades. Each of the 198 apartments has a unique floorplan, made possible by the interior designs by Heyligers Architects. And the outlandish cantilevers of the towers are possible thanks to innovative engineering, including eleven steel “specials” bolted to the concrete building that take the overall appearance to the next level.

景观设计师Piet Oudolf为项目创建了种植模型，旨在为建筑物中的不同位置选择合适的植物，同时考虑到风、阳光、温度和维护等因素。例如，树木主要位于较低楼层，而顶部几层则主要选择小型植物。总共有超过271棵幼树和灌木以及大约13500种较小的植物占据了天然的石砌花池，共包含220种不同的植物种类。在未来几年，随着绿色植物的不断增长，建筑将逐步实现设计团队所构想的郁郁葱葱的外观。鸟类以及各种蜜蜂和昆虫箱进一步丰富了景观的生物多样性。绿化部分使用自动灌溉系统和“立体园丁”进行维护，阶梯式的树木和绿植将会有益于在“山谷”生活和工作的人们的身心健康。

Landscape architect Piet Oudolf developed a matrix to select the right plants for each location in the building, taking into account factors such as wind, sunlight, temperature, and maintenance. Trees, for example, are largely found on the lower floors, while the uppermost levels mainly support small plants. In total, more than 271 young trees and shrubs and approximately 13,500 smaller plants occupy the natural stone planters, representing 220 different plant species. In the coming years, the building will mature into the lush appearance of the design team’s vision as the greenery continues to grow. The biodiversity of this landscape is further supported by bird- and bat boxes as well as various bee and insect hotels. Maintained using an automatic irrigation system and by “façade gardeners”, the trees and plants on the terraces will positively affect the well-being of people living and working in Valley.

▽种植方案

“山谷”结合了可持续发展、技术和健康领域的考量。建筑的能源性能比当地法规标准还要高出30%，其商业空间获得了BREEAM-NL的优秀级认证，住宅区域在GPRBuilding Scale上获得了8分（满分10分），办公空间集合了最新的智能技术，包括基于IP的楼宇自动化系统和与监控实际使用情况的各类传感器。

Valley combines insights in the field of sustainability, technology, and health. The building’s energy performance is 30% better than local regulations require, it has received BREEAM-NL Excellent certification for the commercial spaces, and the residential area scored an 8 out of 10 on the GPR Building Scale, a Dutch measurement tool that scores buildings across five themes of energy, environment, health, quality of use, and future value. The latest smart technologies are integrated in the office spaces, including IP-based Building Automation Systems and various sensors linked to monitoring actual usage.

“山谷”的建造精心打磨了四年，第一批居民和企业家于2021年底入住。9月16日建筑所有者RJB集团公司和开发商Edge共同主持了开幕仪式，项目已面向公众开放。建筑非凡的设计广泛引起了媒体的关注和讨论，尤其是在荷兰媒体上。“MVRDV再次表明，存在于梦想中的图像是可以建成的，”Kirsten Hannema for de Volkskrant如是说。“使用3D软件，建筑师在其中输入有关日光、视图、冷却负荷和噪声的要求，他们'合理化'了设计。形状不规则的外墙最终呈现出数十个不同的角度，天然石材的造型使建筑如同像素格一样拼在一起。”

The construction of Valley took four years, with the first residents and entrepreneurs moving into the building at the end of 2021. With the opening ceremony hosted last Friday by the building’s owner RJB Group of Companies and developer Edge, the project is finally ready to be occupied fully by the public. Already the building’s striking design has attracted media attention and debate, especially in the Dutch press. “Once again, MVRDV shows that dream images can be made buildable,” explains Kirsten Hannema for de Volkskrant. “Using 3D software, in which the architects entered requirements with regard to daylight, view, cooling load and noise exposure, they ‘rationalised’ the design. The irregularly shaped facades eventually have about ten different angles, with the natural stone cladding fitted together like a puzzle.”

“Zuidas石头沙漠中的绿洲，”Bernard Hulsman在NRC商报中写道。“这不仅是因为垂直的森林和悬臂式建筑部件，其中十一个是如此之大，以至于它们似乎漂浮着，山谷与过去四分之一个世纪以来在阿姆斯特丹环城公路A10和Buitenveldert区之间建造的所有塔楼都不同。山谷的一楼是餐饮场所和商店，底层是办公室，楼上是198栋形状和大小的昂贵出租房屋，山谷是Zuidas第一座工作，生活和娱乐混合在一起的建筑。

“An oasis in the stone desert on the Zuidas,” writes Bernard Hulsman in the NRC Handelsblad. “It is not only because of the vertical forest and the cantilevered building parts, eleven of which are so large that they seem to float away, that Valley differs from all the towers that have been built over the past quarter of a century between the Amsterdam ring road A10 and the Buitenveldert district. With catering establishments and shops on the ground floor, offices on the bottom seven floors and, above that, 198 expensive rental homes in many shapes and sizes, Valley is the first building in the Zuidas where working, living, and entertainment are mixed.”

▽场地平面图

▽分层平面图

Facts

Project Name: Valley

Location: Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Year: 2015-2022

Client: EDGE

Size & Programme: 75,000m2 mixed-use (residential, offices, cultural, retail, and parking)

Sustainability certification: BREEAM-NL Excellent (commercial spaces)

Credits

Architect: MVRDV

Principal in charge: Winy Maas

Partner: Jeroen Zuidgeest

Director: Gideon Maasland

Competition: Anton Wubben, Luca Moscelli, Sanne van Manen, Elien Deceuninck, Marco Gazzola, Jack Penford Baker, Brygida Zawadzka, Francis Liesting, Annette Lam, Hannah Knudsen

Design Team: Gijs Rikken and Gideon Maasland with Guido Boeters, Wietse Elswijk, Saimon Gomez Idiakez, Rik Lambers, Javier Lopez-Menchero, Sanne van Manen, Stephanie McNamara, Thijs van Oostrum, Frank Smit, Boudewijn Thomas, Maria Vasiloglou, Laurens Veth, Cas Esbach, Mark van Wasbeek, Olesya Vodenicharska

Diagrams and Drawings: © MVRDV

Copyright: MVRDV Winy Maas, Jacob van Rijs, Nathalie de Vries

Partners

Building Owner: RJB Group of Companies

Contractor: G&S Bouw B.V., Boele & Van Eesteren B.V.

Landscape Design: Piet Oudolf, DeltaVorm Groep

Interior design: Heyligers Architects

Engineering: Inbo

Cost Calculator: BBN adviseurs

Structural Engineer: Van Rossum Raadgevende Ingenieurs

Installations: Deerns, DWA

Building Physics and Fire Safety: DGMR

Parametric Design Volume: ARUP

Real Estate Consultant: CBRE, Heeren Makelaars

Images: Vero Visuals

Graphic Design: PlusOne

Model: made by mistake

Photography: Ossip van Duivenbode