中庭住宅

公司：	NOMO STUDIO	类型：	建筑
地区：	西班牙	标签：	别墅私宅

项目庭院住宅坐落在西班牙米诺卡岛东北海岸的Coves Noves小镇的一个平缓的斜坡上。该地块有很好的地中海景观，但不幸的是，也有一个10层楼高的酒店射在地平线上；这是一个景观整合意味着更少的时代的老遗迹。由于这个视觉障碍，而且邻居的房子离我们的地块只有几米远，我们决定有意将视线引向特定的方向。因此，这栋房子利用坚实的玻璃墙，将不受干扰的景色框定在大海、森林和花园，同时隐藏了庞大的酒店建筑，并将自己与邻居隔离开来。别墅位于山顶的位置，使其拥有非凡的景观，但也使其暴露在北风中。

Patio house sits on a gently sloping site located in Coves Noves, a small urbanisation on the north-east coast of Minorca’s island, Spain. The plot has great views over the Mediterranean Sea, but unfortunately has also a 10-storey hotel shooting up in the horizon; an old relic from times when landscape integration meant less. Because of this visual obstacle and since the neighbour’s house is only a few meters away from our plot, we decided to intentionally direct the views in specific directions. Thus, the house plays with solid and glazed walls that frame undisturbed views towards the sea, forest and garden while hiding the massive hotel construction and isolating itself from neighbours. The villa’s position on a hilltop gives it remarkable views, however it also exposes it to the strong wind from the north.

阳光的照射方向，景观的冲突和防风问题都通过引入一个各向同性的几何形状来解决：一个五边形。房子进行了旋转，使所有房间都能享受到避开酒店的清晰海景。从五边形的核心位置移走了一个正方形，让更多的日光进入房子，并创造了有趣的视觉连接。这个空隙变成了一个南向的天井，免受强烈的北风侵袭。它的三面由大型滑动玻璃门建立起来，在视觉和物理上连接了花园的相反区域，使得通过底层凝视大海成为可能。天井的第四面墙被拆除，形成了一条南北向的户外互连空间轴线：露台--餐厅--天井--游泳池区域。两扇推拉窗将室内/室外餐饮空间隔开，可以灵活控制自然通风和防风。从秋天到春天，天井可以吸收阳光的热量，形成一个温暖的空间，而在夏天，同一个地方可以被覆盖，变成一个大的门廊，从交叉通风中获得柔和的微风。

Sun orientation, conflicting views and wind protection were all dealt with through the introduction of an isotropic geometry: a pentagon. The house was rotated so all rooms could enjoy clear sea outlooks avoiding the hotel. A square was removed from the core of the pentagon to let more daylight into the house and create interesting visual connections. This void became a south-oriented patio protected from the strong northern wind. Three of its sides are built up by large sliding glass doors that connect both visually and physically the opposite zones of the garden making it possible to gaze at the sea through the ground floor. The fourth wall of the patio is removed forming a north-south axis of outdoor interconnected spaces: terrace - dining - patio - swimming-pool area. Two sliding windows inclosing the indoor/outdoor dining space allow a flexible control of natural ventilation and wind protection. From autumn to spring the patio captures the heat of the sun resulting in a warm and inviting space, while in the summer the same place can be covered and turned into a large porch with a soft breeze from cross ventilation.

外立面的装饰从当地渔民的建筑中汲取了强烈的灵感，墙面采用了白墙和深蓝色或深绿色的百叶窗。然而，我们的大型铝制滑门采用柔和的绿松石色，使整个建筑具有明显的现代特征。百叶窗在白天可以遮挡阳光，在季节性关闭时可以保证房屋的安全。外墙的颗粒状石膏与大窗户周围的倾斜框架形成了有趣的对比，光滑的处理增强了倾斜屋顶的尖锐边缘。房子的背面有着完全不同的语言，较小的方形窗户，与外墙齐平。

The facade finishings take strong references from local fisherman’s architecture with whitewashed walls and navy blue or deep green shutters. Nonetheless, the large scale of our aluminium sliders in pastel turquoise colour give the composition a clear contemporary character. The deployé shutters block the sun during daytime and secure the house when it is closed for the season. The grainy plaster of the outer walls creates an interesting contrast with the inclined frames around the large windows, were a smooth treatment enhances the sharp edges of its leaning roofs. The back side of the house has a completely different language where smaller squared windows, flush with the outer facade, remind of a more domestic scale.

在室内，浅色的组合和具有变化的倾斜的高高的天花板反射并放大了通过宽大的窗户进入室内的丰富的日光。大型滑动玻璃和连续的白色大理石地板淡化了室内外空间之间的界限。整个房子都使用了同样的当地大理石，包括浴室、厨房墙壁和楼梯的包层，给房子带来了新鲜的外观。只有少数元素，如游泳池、楼梯扶手或厨房家具，通过引入小的蓝绿色细节，连接到外面的百叶窗，打破了所有的白色基调。

Indoors, a combination of light colours and high ceilings with changing inclinations reflect and magnify the abundant daylight that comes through the generous windows. Large sliding glazings and continuous white marble floors dilute the limits between interior and exterior spaces. The use of the same local marble throughout the house, including the cladding of bathroom, kitchen walls and stairs, give the house a fresh look. Only few elements, such as the pool, the stair railing or the kitchen furniture, break the all white tones by introducing small turquoise details that link back to the shutters outside.

高度隔热的墙体和经过深思熟虑的自然交叉通风方案保证了建筑几乎全年无能耗的运行。穿孔的滑动百叶窗可以调节四季和白天的太阳辐射量，大大减少冬季供暖和夏季制冷的需求。采暖、制冷和温水由节能型热交换器产生，分布式空调装置使不同房间拥有独立的温度。

Highly insulated walls and a thought through natural cross ventilation scheme guarantee an energy-free functioning of the building almost all year around. The perforated sliding shutters regulate the amount of solar gains throughout the seasons and daytime hours, reducing drastically winter heating and summer cooling needs. Heating, cooling and warm water are generated by an energy-efficient heat exchanger and distributed AC units allow the different rooms to have independent temperatures.