O2 咖啡馆

公司：	MW archstudio	类型：	建筑
地区：	越南	标签：	餐饮空间

项目O2 咖啡馆位于顺化市，用地面积120平方米，两边分别连接着一条道路和一个大湖。该地块所处的位置是一个具有特殊文化和历史特色的住宅区--"Dai Noi"--顺化皇城旁的住宅区。"Dai Noi "是堡垒的俗称，其功能是保护越南旧封建王朝（19-20世纪）的重要宫殿。它已被联合国教科文组织认定为越南的世界文化遗产。

O2 COFFEE Project is situated in Hue city, on an site area of 120 m2 with two sides connecting, respectively, a road and a large lake. The land’s location is in a residential area with special cultural and historical characteristics – a residential area next to "Dai Noi"- Hue Imperial Citadel. “Dai Noi” is the common name of the fortress whose function is to protect important palaces of the old feudal dynasty of Vietnam (19th- 20th century). It has been recognized by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage in Vietnam.

本项目所处的区域具有鲜明的特色，有很多需要保护和开发的文化遗产，尤其是美学和建筑的遗产。因此，设计团队选择的方式是，项目与本土元素、建筑所在的土地区域背景仍有千丝万缕的联系，同时也符合未来发展的选择性定位。越南是一个热带季风气候国家，顺化根据其地理特征，气候应该是比较恶劣的（夏季高温，冬季寒冷，长期下雨）。从以上的气候特点来看，除了历史文化的发展外，一般的坡屋顶建筑，特别是 "琉璃屋"--一种出现在封建旧时代的建筑类型，一直受到人们的关注。

The project is located in an area with a distinctive identity with a lot of cultural heritage in the need of preservation and development, especially the heritage of aesthetics and architecture. Therefore, the design team chose the approach that the project still has an inextricable link with the indigenous elements, the context of the land area where the building was built, and at the same time, is consistent with the selective orientation of future development. Vietnam is a tropical monsoon climate country and Hue, based on its geographical features, should have a rather harsh climate (high temperatures in summer and cold winters with prolonged rain). From the above climatic characteristics, in addition to the historical and cultural development, the architecture of sloping roofs in general, and the "Rường house" in particular - a type of architecture appeared in the old feudal era– has been in the spotlight.

从一般建筑的物理学角度来看，" Rường house "是一种有效处理顺化气候特点的建筑形式。但是，由于材料来源、一般造价、结构要求、功能因素等方面的某些限制，在社会快速发展的时候，逐渐不再符合人类的要求和取向，这种建筑形式一步步地被遗失和遗忘。这是相当可惜的。

In terms of physics in general architecture, the "Rường house" is an architectural form dealing effectively with the climatic features of Hue. However, due to certain limitations on the source of materials, general cost, structural requirements, functional factors that are gradually ceasing to meet human requirements and orientations at a time of rapid social development, this type of architecture has been step by step lost and forgotten. That is quite a pity.

▽项目概念 Concept

通过以上分析，设计团队提出了适用于未来发展因素的现代建筑的理念。这座建筑，同时，将具有 "Ruờ house "的基本和典型特征，如视觉、物理和建筑特征（采光、通风......）、建筑与周围环境的联系。因此，这个项目就像一个连接过去和未来的故事。

From the above analysis, the design team proposed the idea of a modern building applicable to future development factors. This building, simultaneously, would have the basic and typical features of the "Rường house" as for the visual, the physical and architectural characteristics (light, ventilation ...), the link between the building and its surroundings. As a result, the project is like a story connecting the past to the future.

这些相关的特征很容易从项目的主直钢柱系统的布置，或直坡屋面瓦片中识别出来。建筑的两个主要立面周围的巨大空隙和空洞是通过室内块体和外部空间之间的实心-空心建筑比例积极创造的。通风元素通过建筑垂直墙面上不同位置的滑动玻璃门被主动操作。通过在宽度上的扩张和在高度上的缩小，将用户在建筑内的视觉与周围的景观连接起来，目的是将周围的自然景观拉近到用户身边。因此，不仅创造了与周围环境的凝聚力和友好性，而且创造了商业和服务建筑的基本吸引力。

These related characteristics are easily recognized by the arrangement of the main straight steel column system of the project, or the straight slope roof tiles. Large gaps and voids surrounding the two main facades of the building are actively created by the ratio of solid - hollow architecture between indoor blocks and outside spaces. Ventilation elements are actively operated through sliding glass doors in various positions on the vertical walls of the building. The connection of the user's vision inside the building to the surrounding landscape through the expansion in width and narrow in height aims at drawing the surrounding natural landscape closer to the user. Consequently, not only the cohesion and friendliness with the surrounding contextbut also the essential attraction of a commercial and service building are created.

关于越南的商业和服务建筑，一般来说，存在着短期投资习惯造成的限制。这就造成了一些负面的问题，如投资不足，以消极的方式最大限度地提高楼层密度（甚至违反后退和建筑高度），使用的材料和结构没有专业性、可持续性和安全性，最重要的是，很少关注人们使用服务的心理，关注服务质量。此外，它还缺乏对社区凝聚力的考虑，尤其是对内部工作，以及与社区、周边环境的考虑。

Regarding the commercial and service construction in Vietnam, in general, there are limitations caused by the short-term investment habits. This results in negative issues such as inadequate investment, maximizing the floor density in a negative way (even violating setbacks and building heights), using materials and structures without professionalism, sustainability and safety, most importantly, little attention to the psychology of people using the service, to the quality of service. Additionally, it lacks the consideration for the community cohesion of the inner work in particular and with the community, the surrounding environment in general.

▽剖面图 Section

O2咖啡馆通过不断改变楼层的俯仰角、方位角，以及建筑内外的空隙、交叉点，灵活地让用户产生兴趣。因此，这个建筑给用户提供了非常不同角度的观察和探索的机会，不仅是在坐席空间的感受，还可以根据周围环境的季节变化，让用户感受到随着时间的推移而变化的跟随和交融。同时，这种手法不仅为客户创造了一个奇妙的视觉，还旨在增加活动楼层的密度，在不违反后退空间和建筑整体高度的前提下，对服务于商业元素的密度问题起到了积极作用。

O2 coffee makes users interested by changing the pitch, azimuth of the floors continuously, and also the gaps, intersections between inside and outside the building in a flexible way. Therefore, the building gives users the opportunity to observe and explore at very different perspectives, not only by the feeling at the sitting space, but also the feeling of following and mingling with changes over time, according to the seasons of the surrounding context. At the same time, this tactic not only creates an amazing vision for customers but also aims to increase the active floor density – a positive effect on the issue of density serving commercial elements without violating setback space and overall height of the building.

整个项目看起来就像一个透明的空心块，向着周围。同时也为周边一般的商业位置产生了越来越大的吸引效应，加强了商业共鸣，与周边其他商业类别成为共生关系。该项目已成为该区域一系列积极共振的贸易活动的核心。

The whole project looks like a transparent hollow block towards the surrounding. It also creates an increasing attraction effect for the general business location of the neighborhood, strengthens the business resonance, becoming symbiotic with other business categories around the neighborhood. The project has been the nucleus of a series of positive resonance trade activities in this area.

项目积极向相邻两边收缩，扩大城市退让空间。沿建筑两外缘及室外增加树木形成大面积的缓冲走廊，避免阳光对两个大面积玻璃幕墙系统的影响，目的是为建筑限制温室效应（玻璃幕墙接受阳光较少，多扇推拉门布置在不同的方向，为玻璃最快散热，为屋内建筑空间增加通风效果）。

The project actively recovers to the two adjacent sides to expand the urban setback space. Trees are added to form a large buffer corridor along the two outer edges of the building and outside to avoid the impact of sunlight on the two large glass wall systems with the aim of limiting the greenhouse effect for the building (the glass wall receives less sunlight, multiple sliding doors are arranged in different directions to fastest dissipate heat for the glass and increase the ventilation effect for the architectural space inside the house).

建筑物的结构主要采用承重钢架作为柱子、屋顶和地板的位置，建筑材料主要为GACHMAT板、未烧砖等回收的工农业废弃物。建筑物的覆土、覆盖材料主要是由工农业废弃物回收的GACHMAT板、未烧砖等。此外，整个项目采用装配式施工方法，施工速度快，在施工过程和移动材料收集过程中对环境影响小。该建筑也很容易在未来被拆除，大部分现有材料仍可再用于其他新建筑。

The structure of the building mainly uses bearing steel frame for the positions of columns, roof, and floor used. The material of cladding, covering the building is mainly GACHMAT panels, unburnt bricks, etc derived from recycled industrial and agricultural waste. In addition, the whole project is easy to be constructed by using the assembly method: being fast and having a low impact on the environment during the construction process and moving materials gathering. The building is also easy to be dismantled in the future, and most of its existing materials are still reused for other new constructions.

经计算，该建筑白天不使用电灯，即使在阳光较弱的恶劣天气下也不需要使用电灯，而晚上则使用LED灯来节能。建筑内有空调，但根据具体的天气情况和一天的温度、季节的不同，有适当的调节使用量。

The building is calculated to not use lights during the day, even in bad weather with weak sunlight while at night, it uses LED lights to save energy. The building has air conditioners but with an appropriate regulatory usage depending on the specific weather conditions and the temperature of the day and the season.

除了上述的设计细节，设计团队还提出了许多不同的备用功能，以备将来项目需要改变使用目的时使用。这样做的目的是为了限制更多具有上述未来功能的建筑，限制新的建筑占用新的自然土地。

In addition to the above "hollow block" design, the design team has also proposed many different backup functions in the future in case the project is required to change the purpose of use. This aim at limiting more constructions with future functions mentioned above - limiting new constructions occupying new land of nature.