LYCÉE FRANÇAIS 校园入口及周边景观设计

公司：	COMA Arquitectura	类型：	景观
地区：	西班牙	标签：	校园

项目是在尼斯发生恐怖活动——车辆冲撞学生事件之后开始考虑的，为了解决这一安全问题，该中学委托进行了一项研究，以保障通往该校的主要通道的安全，设计师与法国政府任命的安全专家一起研究设计，初步研究的结果表明，有必要在学校入口处设置一个最高安全区域，该区域应包括：保安人员的安全空间（装甲车空间）；可以识别出入人员的通道锁（SAS）；车辆出入的控制区（环形车道）和防止车辆驶过的护柱。

The commission comes after the horrible vehicle rampage attacks in Nice. As a reflection of this safety concern, the Lycée Français de Barcelone commissioned a study of the reinforcement of the main accesses to the site. The work was carried out alongside security experts appointed by the French government. The result of the preliminary studies reflected the need to place a maximum security area right at the entrance of the school. Said area should contain: a safe space for the security guards (armoured); a passage lock (SAS) that allows the identification of access personnel; a controlled area for vehicle access (chicane circuit) and bollards to prevent vehicles from driving past.

项目旨在采用亭台楼阁与花园的建筑风格，将安全的需求与拥有2000多名学生的校园日常生活相结合。它是进入学校的通道，是接待和欢迎区，所以它必须是一个舒适和友好的地方。在这个项目中，坚不可摧的安全空间被融入到开放的环境中，而不成为硬性的物理和视觉障碍。新建筑和相邻的城市化区域都以木头、石头和植被的语言相互对话，并与现有环境有机结合。

The aim of the project is to combine the need for security with the everyday life of a school campus with over 2,000 students, and with an architectural style of pavilions and gardens. It is the access to the school, the reception and welcome area, so it must be a cosy and friendly place. In this project, the impenetrable security space has been integrated into an open environment without becoming a hard physical and visual barrier. Both the new buildings and the adjacent urbanized areas dialogue with each other in a language of wood, stone and vegetation, and are organically integrated into the existing environment.

核心理念是通过一个由钢筋混凝土板和防弹玻璃装甲的中心来创造通道亭。这个结构位于相对于现有内庭抬高的通道平面上，这也是为什么有几个坡道和楼梯连接各层的原因。整套建筑由轻木格栅板覆盖，在这里放置保温层和防水层，饰面由不含边材的天然道格拉斯冷杉垂直木板组成。

The core idea is to create the access pavilions through a centre armoured by steel and concrete panels, and bulletproof glass. This structure is located on an access plane elevated with respect to the existing inner court, which is why there are several ramps and stairs connecting levels. The entire set is covered by light wood grid panels where the insulation and waterproofing is placed; the finish consists of vertical wood panelling from natural Douglas fir without sapwood.

学校的通道区位于博世iGimpera街的线性花园中。政府希望尽可能地保护环境和现有的树木。因此，项目的另一个重要方面是要遵守严格的安全措施，同时将其有机地融入到自身的环境中。

The school's access area is located in the linear gardens along Bosch iGimpera Street. The Lycée wanted to preserve as much as possible the environment and the existing trees. Therefore, another important aspect of the project was to comply with the strict security measures imposed, while integrating it organically into its own environment.

毗邻通道亭，新的城市化空间被创造出来，如长椅、挡土墙和露天剧场风格的高台。石笼挡土墙曲折地形成了楼梯和坡道、外侧的长椅和室外剧场空间。一个大型的金属凉棚完善了平台空间，并用于支持灯光和音响技术元素。外部的人行道已经完全翻新，创造了由印制混凝土的一般表面照亮的石子路所标记的行人区域。对景观的精心设计，新灌木品种的种植，对现有树木的关注，以及花园的重新设计，对于营造自然和温馨的氛围也是至关重要的。

Adjacent to the access pavilions, new urbanized spaces are created, such as benches, retaining walls and a raised platform in the style of an open-air theatre. The gabion retaining walls zigzag to form the stairs and ramps, the outer benches, and the outdoor theatre space. A large metal pergola completes the platform space and is used to support light and sound technical elements. The exterior pavements have been completely renovated creating pedestrian areas marked by a stone path illuminated by the general surface of printed concrete. The careful detail in defining the landscape, the planting of new shrub species, the attention given to the existing trees and the redesign of the gardens have also been essential for the creation of a natural and welcoming atmosphere.

外立面的设计中，公共开放的一侧创造了一个与亭子的外立面融为一体的封闭空间，这是一个垂直板条木质饰面的围栏（与亭子相似），因此通过精心设计，在保留了围墙的私密性的同时，人和车辆的通道被整合到一个外部的立面线中，该立面线被打破，以允许安全和监控的访问区域。

With regard to the exterior façades, on the public side of the project a closure is created that blends in with the pavilions’ façades. It’s a fence with a vertical slatted wood finish (similar to the pavilions). Accesses for people and vehicles are thus integrated into an exterior façade line that is broken up to allow safe and monitored access areas. The façade is carefully designed to preserve the privacy of the enclosure.

在建造亭子和通道的同时，在学校场地的另一部分，木制凉亭被建造在一个露台上，作为教职工的室外餐厅。它采用了与通道区相同的材料和饰面。木质平台上放置了金属结构，金属结构上放置了作为框架的层压木环。这些框架又支撑着电线，植物将通过这些电线生长，形成一个绿色的屋顶，为教师提供光照和庇护。

Simultaneously with the construction of the pavilions and access areas, in another part of the school grounds, wooden pergolas are built on a terrace conceived as an outdoor dining-room for the teaching staff. It’s built with the same materials and finishes as the access area. A wooden decking is created on which metallic structures are placed holding rings of laminated wood that serve as frames. These frames in turn support the wiring through which the plants will grow to form a green roof that will give light and shelter to the teachers.