宜宾·遵生小院

公司：	在行建筑设计	类型：	建筑 \| 室内
地区：	中国	标签：	建筑改造 \| 乡建

四川宜宾安石村，一个普通乡村，背靠碾盘山。村落阡陌相通，田塘错落，屋树交织，是典型的川西林盘。遵生小院位于安石村中心区域，向东面向层层跌落的梯田，背靠一片茂密的竹林，共同构成了一副农田景观与村落建筑的静好画面。

Anshi Village, Yibin, Sichuan, is an ordinary village behind Nianpan Mountain. The villages are connected by lots of lanes, scattered fields and ponds, and different houses and trees. It is a typical forest area in western Sichuan. Zunsheng Courtyard is located in the central area of Anshi Village. It faces the falling terraced fields to the east and is backed by a dense bamboo forest, which together constitute a peaceful picture of farmland landscape and village buildings.

场地中原有三栋朝向不一的低矮农居。设计面临三个挑战：即如何整合现有的三栋独立建筑，如何呼应梯田与乡村道路形成的弧形场地边界，以及如何平衡当下的功能需求与未来农人的生活需求。基于对乡村肌理和生活状态的深刻理解，通过局部拆除、改造和新增，完成了对小院的修补与再创造，而这种改造方式正是借用了传统“锔瓷”手艺的理念。

There were originally three low-rise farm houses with different orientations on the site. The design faced three challenges. That is, how to integrate the existing three independent buildings, how to echo the curved site boundary formed by terraced fields and rural roads, and how to balance the current functional needs and the future living needs of farmers. Based on a deep understanding of the rural texture and living conditions, the repair and re-creation of the small courtyard was completed through partial demolition, renovation and addition, and this renovation method borrowed the concept of traditional "curium porcelain" craftsmanship.

△ 改造前

△ 建筑改造分析

一片弧形灰瓦屋顶沿着场地边界和乡村道路徐徐展开，将原有的两座农居在局部拆除临时搭建的柴房后，连接成为一个连续的整体。整合后的体量既完成了从道路至场地内部的标高关系的梳理，又形成了从农田景观到建筑群落的界面过渡。

A curved grey tile roof slowly unfolds along the site boundary and the country road, connecting the two original farmhouses into a continuous whole after partially demolishing the temporary firewood house. The integrated volume not only completes the sorting out of the elevation relationship from the road to the interior of the site, but also forms the interface transition from the farmland landscape to the building community.

与先前的屋顶相比，新的弧形屋顶稍稍抬升，既令它显得更为轻盈，又使得光线能够透过屋檐与墙体之间的缝隙，渗入室内。

Compared with the original roof, the new curved roof is slightly raised, which not only makes it appear lighter, but also allows light to penetrate into the interior through the gap between the eaves and the wall.

将两座农居之间的连接体，作为新建筑群落的入口。同时，保留了原来的老石柱，欢迎着新村民的到来，亦提示着关于过去的记忆。重新梳理的门窗体系采用了木质直棂门的做法，赋予了建筑整体以较为通透之感。进入前厅，左右两侧分别为学堂和展厅，而屋后圆形小院中的几株竹子，则将人们引向位于远处的餐厅。

The connection between the two farmhouses is used as the entrance to the new building. At the same time, the original old stone pillars are preserved, welcoming the arrival of new villagers and reminding the memory of the past. The reorganized door and window system adopts the method of wooden mullion doors, which gives the building a more transparent feeling. Entering the front hall, there are the school hall and the exhibition hall on the left and right sides, while a few bamboos in the small circular courtyard at the back of the house lead people to the restaurant in the distance.

弧形屋面的最南端，作为遵生小院朝向村落道路的第一印象，略略出挑，而形成了一处具有欢迎姿态的檐下开敞空间，与通透的山墙面，共同吸引着人们的探访。

The southernmost end of the curved roof, as the first impression of the Zunsheng courtyard facing the village road, is slightly overhanging, forming an open space under the eaves with a welcoming attitude, and together with the transparent gable wall, it attracts people visit.

在弧形屋面的背后，一片略略卷曲的双坡屋面舒缓地展开，这便是改造后的原三层小楼。小楼的山墙面几乎与弧形体量垂直，有着面向梯田的最佳视野，故亦将山墙面打开，在此驻足能够远眺近景的乡村和远处的群山。

Behind the curved roof, a slightly curly double-slope roof unfolds soothingly, which is the original three-story building after the transformation. The gable wall of the small building is almost perpendicular to the curved volume, and has the best view facing the terraced fields. Therefore, the gable wall is also opened, so that you can stop here to see the countryside in the near view and the mountains in the distance.

与原先体量较为呆板的小楼相比，改造后的三层略略朝向四周出挑，结合微曲的屋面，形成了更为灵动的体量关系。下部的二层体量与弧形屋面之下的部分一般，以白色粉刷为主，而三层出挑部分则以灰砖饰面，与灰瓦屋面形成一个整体。远远望去，当白色的底部体量呼应着村落中其它新近粉刷的建筑之时，灰色的小屋仿佛漂浮其上，构成俯瞰梯田和远方景观的“瞭望台”。

Compared with the original small building with a relatively rigid volume, the renovated three-storey slightly overhangs towards the surrounding, combined with the slightly curved roof, forming a more flexible volume relationship. The lower two-story volume is the same as the part under the curved roof, and is mainly painted in white, while the overhanging part of the third-story is decorated with gray bricks, forming a whole with the gray tile roof. From a distance, when the white bottom volume echoes other newly painted buildings in the village, the gray hut seems to float on it, forming a "lookout" overlooking the terraced fields and the distant landscape.

与常规建筑项目相比，遵生小院的设计与改造既需要考虑近期的乡村运营需求，也必须满足相关农户的未来生活需求。设计过程中，设计方、运营方、管理者和农户之间不断地进行着多方协商，共同制定设计策略和空间细节，践行“乡村振兴”战略。梯田、竹林、农人、白墙灰瓦、以及空间上的新旧结合，如同当地古法手艺中的“锔瓷”，让这几栋原本毫不起眼的农居在精心的修补和创造中，获得了一种全新的生命力。

Compared with conventional construction projects, the design and renovation of Zunsheng courtyard not only needs to consider the recent rural operation needs, but also must meet the future living needs of relevant farmers. During the design process, the designers, operators, managers and farmers are constantly conducting multi-party consultations to jointly formulate design strategies and spatial details, and implement the "rural revitalization" strategy. Terraced fields, bamboo forests, farmers, white walls and grey tiles, as well as the combination of old and new in space, are like the "curium porcelain" in the local ancient craftsmanship. Gained a new vitality.