挪威斯塔德航船隧道

公司：	Snøhetta	类型：	景观
地区：	挪威	标签：	交通空间

Snøhetta事务所受委托设计挪威海岸管理局2016年正在建设的世界首条船舶隧道的入口。该隧道的目的是改善Stad周边的通航性和海上运输的安全性。Stad船舶隧道将长1.7公里，高37米，宽36米，这将使大型船舶在风雨飘摇的Stad海面上有更安全的航行。

Snøhetta was commissioned to design the entrances of the world's first ship tunnel being built by the Norwegian Coastal Administration in 2016. The purpose of the tunnel is to improve navigability and safety of maritime transport around Stad. The Stad Ship Tunnel will be 1.7 kilometers long, 37 meters tall, and have a width of 36 meters. This will give large vessels a safer voyage along the weather-beaten Stad Sea.

目前，该项目正在推进中，工程将于2021年开工。如果一切按计划进行，第一艘船将在2025/2026年通过Stad船隧道航行。

The project is now moving ahead, and the work will commence in 2021. If all goes to plan, the first ship will sail through Stad Ship Tunnel in 2025/2026.

Stad海是挪威海岸线上一个暴露的地段。充满挑战的洋流和水下地形造成了复杂而不可预测的波浪状况，再加上强风，这里成为海岸线上要求极高的部分。来自不同方向的大浪会给船只交通带来危急情况。风势减弱后，海浪可能会持续好几天，即使在风小的日子里，航行条件也很困难。

The Stad Sea is an exposed and dangerous stretch along the Norwegian coast. Challenging ocean currents and underwater topography create complex and unpredictable wave conditions. In combination with strong wind, this becomes a very demanding part of the coastline. High waves coming from different directions can create critical situations for boat traffic. The waves can stay behind several days after the wind has died down, making sailing conditions difficult even on days with little wind.

隧道入口的设计注重将周围的自然和文化景观与隧道的大尺度相融合，该区域的文化景观以特色石墙为主，在耕林中形成清晰的线条。叠加的石墙形成柔和的水平线，作为景观的自然元素融入其中，给人以良好的视觉印象。

The design of the tunnel entrances focuses on merging the surrounding natural and cultural landscape with the tunnel’s large scale. The cultural landscape of the area is dominated by characteristic stone walls, forming clear lines in the cultivated forest. The stacked stone walls form soft horizontal lines, providing a nice visual impression as they blend in as natural elements of the landscape.

这些石墙被引入到入口的设计中，形成微微倾斜的梯田。梯田是建立在隧道所在的山体上雕刻出来的石头上。利用线切割和爆破，梯田将在精确的几何水平线中拥有自然粗糙的形态。除了与该地区的文化景观建立联系外，这种几何形状也非常有利于其结构稳定性。

These stone walls are brought into the design of the entrances, creating slightly sloping terraces. The terraces are built on stone carved out of the mountain where the tunnel is created. Using wire-cutting and blasting, the terraces will have a naturally rough form within the precise geometry of the horizontal lines. In addition to creating a link to the area’s cultural landscape, the geometry is also highly beneficial for the structural stability of the portal.