柏林 新国家美术馆翻新

位于德国柏林的新国家美术馆是二十世纪建筑的一个重要的标志。这座钢铁和玻璃结构的建筑是密斯-凡德罗移民美国后在欧洲设计的唯一一座建筑，于1963年至1968年规划建造。

The Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin is an icon of twentieth-century architecture. Planned and built from 1963 to 1968, the steel and glass structure is the only building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in Europe after his emigration to the USA.

▼项目原状 Before the refurbishment

经过近50年的密集使用，这座被列入名录的建筑需要进行全面翻新。现有的结构已经被整修并升级到当前的技术标准，同时对建筑的原始外观在最小的视觉破坏下进行了翻修。功能和技术上的升级包括空调、人工照明、安全和访客设施的扩展，增加了如衣帽间、咖啡馆和博物馆商店，以及改善残疾人通道和艺术品处理的空间。

After almost fifty years of intensive use, the listed building required a comprehensive refurbishment. The existing fabric has been refurbished and upgraded to current technical standards with a minimum of visual compromise to the building’s original appearance. The functional and technical upgrades include air-conditioning, artificial lighting, security, and visitors’ facilities, such as cloakroom, café and museum shop, as well as improving disabled access and art handling.

▼改造后外观 Overall after the refurbishment

▼室内空间 Interior spaces

由于必须对钢筋混凝土外壳进行大面积维修，并对建筑技术服务进行全面更新，因此在设计上需要进行深入干预。为了彻底翻修混凝土外壳结构，大约35,000个原始建筑部件如石头包层和所有的内部装置都被拆除了，在对其进行修复和必要的更换后，它们被重新安装在其精确的原始位置上。

The necessity of an extensive repair of the reinforced concrete shell and the complete renewal of the technical building services required an in-depth intervention. In order to expose the shell construction, around 35,000 original building components, such as the stone cladding and all the interior fittings, were dismantled. After their restoration and modification where necessary, they were reinstalled in their precise original positions.

▼施工过程 Construction

这个项目复杂的规划过程的关键是在古迹保护和建筑作为现代博物馆使用之间找到一个平衡。在这个过程中，对原始结构不可避免的干预必须与尽可能多地保留原始物质相协调。尽管重要的附加空间仍然从属于建筑的现有设计，但它们作为当代元素仍是可辨的。翻新项目并不代表一种新的解释，而是对这座国际风格的地标性建筑的尊重性修复。

The key to the complex planning process for this project was finding a suitable balance between monument conservation and the building’s use as a modern museum. The unavoidable interventions to the original fabric within this process had to be reconciled with preserving as much of the original substance as possible. Though the essential additions remain subordinate to the existing design of the building, they are nevertheless discreetly legible as contemporary elements. The refurbishment project does not represent a new interpretation, but rather a respectful repair of this landmark building of the International Style.

Project: Neue Nationalgalerie refurbishment

Design Firm: David Chipperfield Architects

Location: Berlin, Germany

Year: 2012-2021

Photography: Simon Menges