捷克莱斯纳的彩虹教堂

建筑师Marek Jan Štěpán在过去的30年里断断续续地构思着这座教堂的设计。建造教堂的想法最早出现在1968年间，在50年后终于得以实现。这是第一座为纪念修女玛丽亚（Marie Restituta）建造的教堂，场地距离她出生的位置仅有约1英里。一个矩形基座被放置在场地中，定义了这片神圣的空间。

Architect Marek Jan Štěpán has occupied himself with the idea of this church intermittently for the past 30 years. However, the intention to build a church first came up in the relaxed atmosphere of 1968 and was finally fulfilled after 50 years. It is the first church to be dedicated to beatified Marie Restituta who was born approximately 1 mile from its location. A rectangular plateau is laid out on the plot that defines the sacred district.

教堂位于住宅区中心地带的旧峡谷边缘。场地包含三个体量：教堂、塔楼和由Zdeněk Bureš设计的宗教中心。教堂以圆形为基底。象征着天堂与永恒（相反，正方形则指的是大地与短暂）。

The church is located in the heart of the housing estate at the mouth of the Old scratch ravine. There are three basic masses on it – the church, the tower and the spiritual centre (designed by Zdeněk Bureš). The church has a circular floor plan. The circle is an age-long symbol of heaven and eternity (in contrast to the square, which refers to earth and transience).

▽塔楼

教堂的屋顶下环绕着一圈彩色玻璃窗，映照出五颜六色的天空。圆漂浮在Lesná上方，从比喻性的超验层面上说，天堂漂浮在Lesná上空。圆也非常接近当代对教会圣餐礼仪的认知，它代表了耶稣与门徒们在最后的晚餐中环桌而坐，形成的圆环。

The heaven is reflected back in the colourful annular window that embraces the church just below the roof. It might be said that the circle is floating above Lesná or, on a figurative, transcendental level, that the heaven is floating above Lesná. The circle is also very close to the contemporary perception of liturgy in church that represents the community of the Apostles and Jesus around the table during the Last Supper.

▽环状的圣餐礼仪

▽透过彩色玻璃窗看到的天空

圣坛位于教堂左侧从上方照亮的拱顶下。教堂的墙壁被一扇三角形的小窗“撕裂”开来，是对撕裂的耶路撒冷圣殿帷幕的致敬。教堂的室内空间形成了一个内部宇宙。它是与上帝沟通的器官。空间非常简单、平和而冷静，造访者在这里将感到安全、和谐而不为外界所打扰，就像在母亲的子宫中一样。

The tabernacle is located in a tall apse illuminated from above that is situated on the left side of the church. The church wall is torn by a triangular opening at this point, which serves as a reference to the tear in the Jerusalem temple curtain. The interior of the church forms an inner universe. It is an organ for communication with God. It is simple, composed, and collected. The visitor should feel safe, balanced, and undisturbed by the outside world, almost like in the mother’s womb.

▽内部空间细节

▽顶部细节

建筑内柔和而光滑的线条形成了一个无形的内部空间，由上方环形窗户投射下来的光线进行塑造，旨在提供间接的柔和日光，取代清晰的阴影。上帝与他的子民之间盟约的象征——彩虹，被描绘在80米长的窗户上。圆形彩虹是一种实际上可以从高空中（通常是飞机上）观察到的现象，在这里，光成为了一种元素，用以比喻超越物质和现实限制的事物，一种我们无法用感官去感知的事物。
The soft and sleek lines of the structure form a disembodied inner space shaped by the light coming from the annular window above. Its purpose is to give indirect, soft daylight that does not cast hard shadows. The symbol of the covenant between God and His people – the rainbow – is depicted on this 80-meter-long window. A circular rainbow is a phenomenon that can actually be observed from high altitudes, often from planes. The light is turned into an element that hints on something beyond the limits of material reality, something barely perceivable with our senses.

▽柔和的光线塑造示意

▽模型效果

▽草图手稿

▽平面图

▽剖面图

Studio: Atelier Štěpán
Author: Marek Jan Štěpán, principal architect

Contact E-mail: info@atelier-stepan.cz
Website: www.atelier-stepan.cz

Studio address: Kremličkova 2008/6a, 621 00 Brno-Řečkovice, Czech Republic
Co-author: Vanda Štěpánová, architect
František Brychta, architect
Jan Vodička, architect
Martin Kopecký, architect
Project location: Nezvalova street, Brno – Lesná
Project country: Czech Republic
Completion year: 2020
Built-up Area 1220 m²
Usable Floor Area: 2350 m²

Plot size: 3000 m²

Dimensions:
church – diameter 25 m, height 18.5 m
tower – 5.7 x 5.7 m, height 31 m
asymmetric dome – diameter 23 m, elevation 3.5 m
rainbow ring window – length 80 m, height 4 m, 120 glasses