泰国·湄南河空中公园

公司：	LANDPROCESS	类型：	景观 \| 建筑
地区：	泰国	标签：	公共空间 \| 交通空间

在新冠流行期间，曼谷市政府开放了一个引人注目的公共空间——湄南河空中公园（CPSP）。这座停建的基础设施项目被废弃了近40年，如今又重新焕发了生机，成为曼谷最新的地标，也是全国第一座横跨河流的人行天桥公园。

Amidst the pandemic, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration opened its remarkable public space, the Chao Phraya Sky Park (CPSP). Left abandoned for almost 40 years, the halted infrastructure project has now been given a second life as the newest Bangkok landmark, and the nation's first pedestrian bridge park spanning a river.

▽从空旷到充满活力 From Vacant to Vibrant

完成未完成的梦想

Finishing the unfinished dream

1984年，曼谷人期待着一个充满希望的里程碑：成为第一个在东南亚建立空中列车的国家。这条铁路将在8.5米宽、280米长的空隙中与Phrapokklao大桥的两条现有道路分担荷载。

In 1984, Bangkokians anticipated a hopeful milestone: being the first nation to establish a sky train in Southeast Asia. The railway would share its load with two existing roadways of the Phrapokklao Bridge in a gap of 8.5 meters wide and 280 meters long.

由于其结构不完整并无法进入铁路，曼谷人将废弃的基础设施命名为“Saphan Duan”，或“截肢桥”。这座被遗弃了40年的铁路，成为这座城市未完成的梦想。

Due to its incompleteness and inaccessibility, Bangkokians named the abandoned infrastructure "Saphan Duan", or "amputated bridge."The 40-year failed mega infrastructure stood abandoned as the city's unfinished dream。

连接过去和现在

Bridging the past to the present

CPSP将曼谷两个现有公园的两侧连接在一起，为泰国创造了第一座跨河人行桥，使居民可以步行穿过。曾经难以进入的废弃基础设施现在连接着曼谷重要的文化和历史地标。

Merging juxtaposed sides of Bangkok two existing parks, the CPSP creates the first pedestrian bridge across the river for the nation, enabling dwellers to traverse on foot. Once inaccessible, the wasted infrastructure now links Bangkok’s significant cultural and historical landmarks.

▽一目了然地连接曼谷的过去和现在 Bridging Bangkok’s past and present at a glance

CPSP坐落在国家最重要的纪念碑:纪念桥的旁边，CPSP的新结构模仿了其前身的曲线，设计成了与其对等体的斜坡，以统一的方式装饰成城市景观。

The CPSP is located next to the nation's most important monument: the Memorial Bridge, the new structure of CPSP humbly emulates the curves of its predecessor weaves the slopes of its counterpart to adorn the city’s landscape in unison.

▽不是竞争，而是尊重 Not competing, but respect

在360度全景的方位，行人可以欣赏纪念桥的前景，俯瞰曼谷的历史明信片。CPSP 展示了从废弃到场所营造的未来可能性，以提高城市居民的健康。

With a 360-degree view, pedestrians can enjoy a foreground view with the Memorial Bridge, overlooking Bangkok’s historical postcard destinations. CPSP has shown the future possibilities from abandonment to placemaking for increasing the health of the citizens and their city.

▽纪念桥第一次在画面中占据了一席之地 For the first time, the Memorial Bridge has been given its place in the frame

拓宽空间，同时延长体验

Widening spaces, while lengthening experiences

CPSP挤在只有8.5米的交通之间，通过将空间分成两条交织的通道，使步行道显得不狭窄。CPSP提升了整个公园的结构，减少了交通视觉、噪音和污染造成的干扰。

Squeezed between heavy traffic with just 8.5 meters, The CPSP made rooms out of the narrowness by splitting the space into two interweaving pathways. Elevating all park structures, the CPSP reduces the disruptions caused by traffic visual, noise, and pollution.

▽通过狭窄来延长体验 Lengthening experiences through the narrowness

曼谷市中心的滨水区经常被居民区或豪华酒店占据，为什么不在河上创建一个新的公共绿地呢？设计师提出这样的疑问。

The waterfront in central Bangkok was often occupied by informal settlements or luxurious hotels, why not create a new public green space over the river?

曾经无法进入的废弃废墟，现在是完整的并且连接着重要的文化目的地。

Once inaccessible, the wasted ruins are now whole, linking significant cultural destinations.

▽曼谷河上的新公共绿地 Bangkok’s new public green space over the river

280 米的铁路是横跨河流最短的一段，在视觉距离上显得直截了当。为了延长用户的体验感，CSPS在日出和日落景观形成时，通过抬高相互交织的人行道来隐藏两端的视觉焦点。

Cutting across the shortest section of the river, the 280-meter appears straightforward in the visual distance. To lengthen the users’experience, CSPS hides its visual endpoints on both ends by raising intertwining walkways while forming Sunrise and Sunset Outlooks.

▽纵横交错的步道形成日出日落景观 Forming Sunrise and Sunset Outlook by intertwining walkways

CPSP展示了步行的重要性，通过适应性再利用设计低碳排放建筑，同时通过绿化景观来疗愈市民的身心健康。这些丰富的自然景观促进了城市生物多样性，为传播者和昆虫提供了微气候和绿色走廊。

CPSP shows the importance of walkability, creating low carbon-emission construction from adaptive reuse while restoring its citizens' physical and mental health with greenery. These natural gradients promote urban biodiversity, providing a microclimate and green corridor for pollinators and insects.

▽桥梁不仅连接人，还连接野生动物 Bridging not just people but also wildlife

在湄南河空中公园的山坡曲线中心，两条分开的小路在空中公园的中点汇合，地形凸起形成了山顶曲线，由小型级联台阶形成并为特殊场合开辟出一个休息区和一个表演舞台。

At the Chao Phraya Sky Park’s hill curve midpoint. The two divided pathways merged at Sky Park’s midpoint, where the topography is raised as a hilltop curve, formed by small cascading steps that carve out a sitting area and a performance stage for special occasions.

该项目是在合作和重新构想方面向前迈出的一大步，解决了城市在低碳环境下最紧迫的问题，增加了绿化景观和步行性，减少了碳排放和环境污染，增强了民众的健康和对城市气候的适应能力。

The project is a big step forward in collaboration and reimagination, solving the city's most pressing issues in a low-carbon context, increasing green space, and walkability, reducing emissions and pollution, or enhancing public health and enhance climate resilience city.

▽将人们与各种速度和活动的情绪联系起来 Connecting people with various moods of speeds and activities

不同高度的道路交叉设计确保了交通和视线的安全性，所有游客都可以看到和被看到。交织的道路设计也开辟了曼谷独特的新景观，可以欣赏河上的日出和日落。

The crisscross design of the varying elevations of paths ensures safe visibility, where all visitors can see and be seen. The interweaving design also opens up new Bangkok unique outlooks to admire the sunrise and sunset over the river.

▽小径交织，形成桥梁公园的功能空间 Interweaving pathways, forming functional spaces for bridge park

有限制的设计

Design with Limitation

在一个废弃的、有40年历史且无法进入的空中铁路基础设施上建造一个完整的公园绝非易事。在现场调查中，建筑师团队需要估计所有尺寸，然后体验他们在断桥结构上行走的感觉。此外，由于重量限制，土壤深度和现有的结构是设计过程中的关键考虑因素。

Building an entire park on an abandoned, 40-year-old inaccessible Sky rail infrastructure is no easy feat. As part of their on-site investigation, the architect team needed to estimate all dimensions and to experience then as if they were walking on the amputated structure. Furthermore, with weight limitations, the soil depth and the additional existing structure were critical considerations during the design process.

由于空间和时间的限制，桥梁公园墙体的结构采用预制GRC，节省施工时间、材料和成本。形成不同地形的墙、花盆、栏杆、座位，从里到外构建步行和驾驶体验。

With space and time constraints, the bridge park wall structures are made of precast GRC, saving construction time, material and cost. Forming walls of diverse topographies, planter, railing, seating, framing the walking, and driving experience inside out and outside in.

▽湄南河空中公园的类型 The Chao Phraya Sky Park’s typology

从空置到充满活力

From Vacant to Vibrant

CPSK 在曼谷新冠封锁期间开放，这提醒着我们已经迫不及待地采取行动来解决我们的公共绿地、公共卫生和气候危机以及建设有弹性的城市。

Opened during the pandemic lockdown in Bangkok, the CPSK reminds us that we could not wait any longer to take action in addressing our public green space, public health, and climate crises and in building resilient cities.

▽我们比以往任何时候都更需要公共空间 We are more in need of public space than ever

通过重新利用无用的东西，重新思考传统的东西，包括不应被遗忘的废弃基础设施，我们可以用我们现有的资源创造更美好的城市。

By repurposing the useless and rethinking the conventional. We can move forward to create a better city with creative use of what we have and countless future unused infrastructure that should not be left behind.

▽在旁观者眼中的可能性 Possibility is in eyes of beholders